INSERTIONS
humerus (floor of intertubercular sulcus)
sacral and lumbar spines via thoracolumbar fascia, ilium (iliac crest) via thoracolumbar fascia, ribs (lower four), spinous process of T6-12 vertebrae, scapula (inferior angle)
What is the latissimus dorsi origin?
extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm
What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?
most superficial upper back muscle
Where is the trapezius?
superior to rhomboid major
Where is the rhomboid minor?
ribs 9-12 (inferior border)
What is the serratus posterior insertion?
spinous processes of T11-L2 vertebrae
What is the serratus posterior origin?
retracts scapula
What is the action of the rhomboid muscles?
lies deep and runs longitudinally along the spine
Where is the erector spinae?
spans from the occipital region and superior cervical vertebrae inferiorly toward the scapular spine and clavicle
Where is the trapezius
scapula (medial border)
What is the rhomboid major/minor insertion?
spinous process of T2-5 vertebrae
What is the rhomboid major origin?
elevates, retracts, depresses, and upwardly rotates the scapula
What is the action of the trapezius?
deep to trapezius and run from the spinous processes to the medial border of the scapula.
Where are the rhomboids?
lie deep to trapezius and attach from the medial spinous processes to the medial border of the scapula
lateral clavicle, spine and acromion of scapula
What is the trapezius insertion?
spinous process of C7-T1 vertebrae
What is the rhomboid minor origin?
extends and laterally flexes the vertebral column bilaterally or unilaterally
What is the action of the erector spinae?
lies in the intermediate layer of the back, deep to the latissimus dorsi
Where is the serratus posterior?
runs parallel to the vertebral column, positioned lateral to the spinous processes and extending superiorly toward the cervical region
Where is the erector spinae?
iliocostalis: ribs (1-12) and tranverse processes (cervical)
longissimus: transverse processes (cervical and thoracic), ribs, and mastoid process
spinalis: spinous processes (cervical and thoracic) and occipital bone
What is the erector spinae insertion?
occipital bone (superior nuchal line), nuchal ligament, vertebra prominens (spinous process of C7 vertebra), spinous process of T1-12 vertebrae
What is the trapezius origin?
elevates ribs; the inferior portion depresses ribs, assisting respiration
What is the action of the serratus posterior?
superficial relative to the erector spinae group but inferior to the trapezius
Where is the latissimus dorsi?
connects upper thoracic spinous processes to superior ribs, while the inferior portion connects lower thoracic/lumbar spinous processes to inferior ribs
Where is the serratus posterior?