Technology and Industry
What is Henry Ford?
What was centered on fear of communist influence and radical political ideas spreading in the U.S. after WWI.
What is the First Red Scare?
Explain what the Great Migration was.
What is large movement of African Americans from the rural South to Northern and Midwestern cities seeking better jobs and less violence?
What did the 19th Amendment do?
It granted women the right to vote nationwide.
What were "Jim Crow" laws?
What is...state and local laws enforcing racial segregation and unequal treatment of African Americans.
Give one way electrification changed daily life in rural America (name a technological or household change).
What is...Examples: electric washing machines reduced time on chores; electric lighting extended evening hours; radios brought news/entertainment into homes.
Identify one action the U.S. government took during 1919–1920 against suspected radicals or immigrants.
What is (Examples): Palmer Raids, arrests and deportations of suspected radicals, compiling lists of suspected communists.
Name one reason African Americans left the South during the Great Migration.
What is to escape racial violence (lynching), seek better-paying industrial jobs, or pursue educational opportunities?
Name one leader associated with the Women’s Suffrage Movement listed in the unit.
Who was...(Examples from unit): Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Burns, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Carrie Chapman Catt, Ida B. Wells-Barnett, Sojourner Truth.
What were Black Codes (provide a short definition)?
What is...Laws and practices that limited the rights of freed African Americans after the Civil War—e.g., restricting movement, employment, and legal rights.
Explain what is meant by "standard of living."
What is level of comfort, wealth, and access to basic needs (housing, food, education) a person or group has.
What were the Sacco and Vanzetti trial and why are they important for understanding the period’s attitudes?
What is Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian immigrant anarchists tried and executed for murder amid controversy—symbolized nativism and fear of radicals.
Give the name of one artist, writer, or musician associated with the Harlem Renaissance.
Who is...
Examples: Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Duke Ellington, Jacob Lawrence, Countee Cullen.
What was the Temperance Movement and how is it connected to Prohibition?
What is...a movement to reduce or end alcohol consumption; temperance groups pushed for legal prohibition of alcohol (led to 18th Amendment).
Explain redlining in one sentence and name one way it affected African American communities.
What is...Redlining = denying loans/housing to residents in certain neighborhoods; it led to segregated neighborhoods, limited wealth-building and investment.
Name two industries that grew because automobiles became cheaper and more common.
What is...Road construction, oil, steel, automobile manufacturing, and related service industries.
Explain one economic or political factor that contributed to labor unrest after World War I.
What is...Rising unemployment, returning soldiers competing for jobs, inflation, and strikes (e.g., steel, coal) increased tensions.
Explain how the Great Migration helped lead to the Harlem Renaissance (one clear connection).
What is...Migration concentrated African American populations in cities like New York, creating cultural centers (Harlem) where artists, writers, and musicians collaborated and reached wider audiences.
What constitutional amendment established Prohibition, and what did it make illegal?
What is the 18th Amendment; it made manufacture, transport, and sale of intoxicating liquors illegal.
Name one organization or leader that worked to challenge Jim Crow and briefly state one method they used.
What is...Examples: NAACP (legal challenges), Ida B. Wells-Barnett (anti-lynching activism and journalism), Booker T. Washington (vocational education, accommodationist strategies), W.E.B. DuBois (civil rights activism & advocacy for immediate equality). Methods: legal suits, protests, education, journalism.
Describe how innovations in communication during the early 20th century influenced culture (give one specific example and its effect).
What is... Radio broadcasting spread jazz and popular culture nationwide, increasing shared cultural experiences and promoting new music/artists.
Describe how fears of communism affected civil liberties or immigrant communities during this period.
What is civil liberties constrained by raids, detentions, deportations; immigrant communities faced suspicion, discrimination, and legal targeting?
Describe one way a Harlem Renaissance writer or artist used culture to challenge segregation or stereotypes (give a short example).
What is...(Example): Langston Hughes wrote poems celebrating Black life and criticizing racism; Jacob Lawrence painted scenes of migration highlighting dignity and struggle.
Describe one social effect and one economic effect of Prohibition on American society.
What is...Social effect: rise in illegal speakeasies and organized crime, changing social behaviors; Economic effect: loss of legal alcohol-related business revenue, enforcement costs, growth of black market.
Compare Booker T. Washington’s approach to racial progress with W.E.B. DuBois’s approach in one or two sentences.
What is...Booker T. Washington advocated vocational training and economic self-help, often accepting segregation in short term; W.E.B. DuBois pushed for immediate civil rights, higher education for leaders (the "Talented Tenth"), and direct protest.