HYPOKALEMIA
CAUSES
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND ECG'S
TREATMENT
HYPERKALEMIA
100
Mild hypokalemia is often without symptoms, although it may cause a small elevation in this
What is blood pressure
100
A rare sole cause of hypokalemia without any other cause is this
What is decreased potassium intake
100
These waves on an ECG change with altered potassium levels
What are T waves
100
This type of treatment is preferred for hypokalemia
What is oral treatment
100
Extreme hyperkalemia is a medical emergency due to the risk of this
What is potentially fatal abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmia).
200
Mild hypokalemia can sometimes cause this in you heart
What are cardiac arrhythmias
200
hypokalemia can be caused by these GI gymptoms
What are diarrhea and vomiting
200
Repolarization of the purkinje fibres are seen on an ECG as this
What is U wave
200
In more severe hypokalemia we will use this treatment
What is IV potassium
200
Typically this function will be tested when hyperkalemia is found
What is renal function
300
Moderate hypokalemia is a serum potassium of this
What is 2.5-3 meq/L
300
Two different diuretics that cause hypokalemia through the urine are
What is thiazide diuretics and loop diuretics
300
Lower potassium levels in the extracellular space will cause this of the resting membrane potential
What is hyperpolarization
300
To treat hyperkalemia we can try this
What is diuretics
300
Severe cases require this which is the most rapid method of removing potassium from the body
What is hemodialysis
400
Moderate hypokalemia may present with
What is myalgia, muscle weakness and muscle cramps
400
Hypokalemia can be caused by a low level of this electrolyte which helps process potassium
What is magnesium
400
Potassium is most common on this side of the cell
What is inside
400
This electrolyte increases threshold potential of potassium
What is calcium
400
When arrhythmias occur, or when potassium levels exceed this level emergency lowering of potassium levels is mandated
What is 6.5 mmol/l,
500
Constipation in moderate hypokalemia is due to
What is disturbed function of smooth muscle
500
Increased extracellular potassium levels result in this of the membrane potentials of cells
What is depolarization
500
This is sometimes given to help bring the potassium back into the cells.
What is insulin
500
What hospital are we in right now?
What is LMH:)
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