Household and Environmental Chemistry
This household chemical, often used to clean wounds, decomposes into water and oxygen gas, creating a characteristic fizzing.
Hydrogen Peroxide
Touching this plant causes a rash due to an oil called urushiol; its scientific name is Toxicodendron radicans.
Poison Ivy
In chromatography, this is the term for the phase that moves (usually water or alcohol), while the paper acts as the stationary phase.
Mobile Phase
This type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, typically occurring between two non-metals.
Covalent Bond
This environmental toxin is a heavy metal often found in old pipes; chronic exposure in children can lead to developmental delays and neurological damage.
Lead (Pb)
Mixing these two common household cleaners (sodium hypochlorite and ammonia) produces toxic chloramine gas and should never be done.
Bleach and Ammonia
This invasive amphibian, Rhinella marina, has large parotoid glands that secrete toxins when the animal is threatened.
Cane Toad
This lab technique involves a step-by-step reduction in the concentration of a substance, often by a factor of 10 at each step.
Serial Dilution
Unlike a compound, this is a physical blend of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded and can be separated by physical means.
Mixture
If a toxic spill occurs in a valley, this environmental factor (one of the three listed in your cheat sheet) will cause the toxin to pool at the lowest elevation.
Gravity
This environmental toxin, a heavy metal once common in thermometers, can undergo "biomagnification" in aquatic food chains.
Mercury
This marine organism is not a true jellyfish but a colony of organisms; its long tentacles deliver painful venomous stings.
Portuguese Man o' War
Identify the type of change: Mixing vinegar (acetic acid) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) results in the production of CO2 gas.
Chemical Change
In this specific type of mixture, one substance (the solute) is completely dissolved in another (the solvent), such as Epsom salts in water.
Solution
This term describes the process where a toxin's concentration decreases as more solvent (like water) is added, potentially making it less harmful.
Dilution
While used as a laxative and for sore muscles, an overdose of these "salts" (magnesium sulfate) can lead to hypermagnesemia.
Epsom Salts
The sap of this massive plant, Heracleum mantegazzianum, causes "phytophototoxicity," where skin blisters severely when exposed to sunlight.
Giant Hogweed
According to the rules, your hair must be tied back if it is at least this long to prevent fire or chemical contamination.
Shoulder Length
This type of bond is formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, usually a metal and a non-metal.
Ionic Bond
This specific "toxic living organism" is an invasive fish with venomous spines that is currently disrupting ecosystems in the Atlantic and Caribbean.
Lionfish (Pterois sp)
You are given a mixture of iron filings, Epsom salts, and sand. Describe the physical property and the tool you would use to remove the iron first.
Magnetism (use a magnet)
This bean, Physostigma venenosum, contains an alkaloid that inhibits acetylcholinesterase, a mechanism similar to many nerve gases.
Calabar Bean
If a solution has a high concentration of $H^+$ ions, its pH value will be in this specific range (0–14).
0 to <7 (Acidic)
To separate a solution of rubbing alcohol and water, you would use this process which relies on the fact that the two liquids have different boiling points.
Distillation
Consumption of the leaves of this plant, Rheum rhaponticum, can be toxic due to high concentrations of oxalic acid, which can cause kidney failure.
Rhubarb