Power Basics
What is power?
The capacity to influence others so they act according to your wishes
Name one type of formal power
Coercive, reward, or legitimate.
What three factors increase dependence?
Importance, scarcity, and nonsubstitutability.
What is organizational politics?
Actions outside of formal job requirements that influence decisions or outcomes
What should managers do to increase their power?
Increase others’ dependence on them.
What is the most important element of power?
Dependence
Name one type of personal power.
Expert or referent.
True or False: As people become less dependent on you, your power increases.
False — your power decreases
Name one common political behavior.
Withholding information, spreading rumors, networking, or leaking information.
Why should managers avoid making others feel powerless?
It creates resistance, tension, and reduces cooperation.
True or False: Power must be used to be considered "real"
False — power can exist even if never exercised.
Which power base is most effective for long-term performance?
Personal power (expert + referent).
Give an example of a resource that is nonsubstitutable.
Any unique skill, certification, or knowledge that few others have.
True or False: Political behavior is always unethical.
False — some political behavior is neutral or even helpful.
What result is associated with supervisors who play politics effectively?
They secure resources and protect employees, improving group outcomes.
What makes someone powerful even without a formal title?
Their ability to control something others want or need
What power base can damage employees’ satisfaction and performance when overused?
Coercive power.
What is political skill?
The ability to influence others to achieve personal or organizational objectives.
What increases political behavior within a company?
Ambiguity, unclear roles, scarce resources, or high competition.
Why is understanding political dynamics important for managers?
It helps predict behaviors and create strategies to benefit their team.
How does power differ from leadership?
Leadership focuses on goal achievement; power is the ability to influence behavior, sometimes beyond formal leadership roles.
Why is expert power so influential?
People rely on those with knowledge they value and cannot easily replace.
Why do people with high political skill succeed in navigating power dynamics?
They can read social situations well and use influence effectively without appearing manipulative.
How does political behavior affect employees with low political skill?
They experience more stress, lower satisfaction, and higher turnover intentions.
What is one negative outcome for employees who perceive high levels of politics?
Increased anxiety, reduced performance, or higher turnover.