Between prevention, forecasting, and absorption - this is the strategy to predict environmental changes or variations.
What is forecasting?
100
The availability of alternatives.
What is substitutability?
100
These structures exist everywhere, are held together by common interests, common status, expertise or kinship, and fulfill the very important social need for bonding.
What are social networks?
100
Any behavior that attempts to alter someones attitudes or behavior.
What is influence?
100
Influence tactics that are perceived when observers view them as self-serving behaviors at others expense (and sometimes contrary to the whole organization's interest)
What are organizational politics?
200
This is the type of power one exhibits because of the knowledge or skills one possesses.
What is expert power?
200
Many professionals displaying their educational diplomas and awards in their office are examples.
What is visibility?
200
This is a person who connects two independent networks and controls the flow of information between them.
What is a broker?
200
Using logical arguments, factual evidence, and emotional appeals to convince people of the value of a request.
What is persuasion?
200
A direct result from change.
What is uncertainty/ambiguity?
300
Associated with charisma, this type of power exists when people identify with, like, or respect an individual.
What is referent power?
300
It increases with the number of people dependent on you as well as with how quickly they are affected by your absence.
What is centrality?
300
This is an important contingency of power and social networks which influences the number of connections you have in a network, and thereby the "closeness" you feel to others.
What is centrality?
300
Occurs when someone complies with a request because of the requester's legitimate power as well as the target person's role expectations.
What is Silent Authority?
300
This is a strategy to keep organizational politics in check.
What are clear rules and regulations?
400
In power relationships, the less powerful party has some degree of power. This is the power the weaker party holds over the stronger party.
What is countervailing power?
400
Being able to make decisions without referring to a specific rule or receiving permission from someone else.
What is descretion?
400
This is referred to as a gap between two clusters of people in a network.
What is a structural hole?
400
This is one of the more effective influence tactics for boosting a person's career success.
What is ingratiation?
400
Employees are more likely to engage in organizational politics (that is, use influence tactics for personal gain) when this condition is present.
What are scarce resources?
500
By nature, humans feel an obligation to help someone who has helped them. Name this legitimate power concept.
What is norm of reciprocity?
500
It is strengthened by controlling access to the resource.
What is substitutability?
500
This component of social networks generates power, knowledge and other resources available to social units by expanding lines of communication, generating better access to information and increasing their level of visibility.
What is social capital?
500
This causes listeners to generate counterarguments to the anticipated persuasion attempts, which makes the opponent's subsequent persuasion attempts less effective.
What is inoculation effect?
500
Italian diplomat, philosopher, and Renaissance-era humanist who suggested realism over political idealism.