Unit 1
What is the most important consideration when giving a drug?
Never administer a drug if you do not know the reason for its use
The sympathetic nervous system is in charge of what response
fight or flight
What part of the neuron take nerve signals away from the cell body?
Axon
Which is reversible? Delirium or Dementia
What is the definition of tolerance?
decreased response occurring during the course of prolonged drug use
the drug will begin to lose its effects over time
What is ED50 and LD50?
The effective dose of 50% of the population
The lethal or toxic dose that effects 50% of the animals that receive that drug
Breastfeeding, Childbirth, Cancer, and Blood clotting are an example of what?
positive feedback loops
What kind of drugs can cross the blood brain barrier?
Lipophillic
Sundowning is a symptom of what disease?
Alzheimer's disease
What is physical dependence?
state in which abrupt discontinuation of drug use will precipitate a withdrawal syndrome
What are the three basic goals of pre assessing a patient?
1) collecting baseline data needed to evaluate therapeutic and adverse effects
2) Identifying high risk patients
3) assess the patient's capacity for self care
Allostatic overload can occur in what stage of GAS?
Exhaustion stage
Myelin sheath is made up of what kind of cells in the PNS?
Schwann Cells
What disease is caused by the degerenation of substantial nigra neurons in the brain?
Parkinson's disease
These neurons produce dopamine
Competitive: bind reversibly to receptors and compete with agonists for receptor binding
Non-competitive: binds irreversibly to receptors
What is the most common way a drug leaves the vascular system?
By moving through the channels/pores between cells in the capillary wall
The part of the autonomic nervous system that has long preganglionic fiber and a short postganglionic fiber
Parasympathetic
What is complementary innervation and give an example
Works together in synchrony
GI peristalsis
What is agnosia, dysphasia, and aphasia?
Agnosia - instability to interpret sensations
Dysphasia - impaired speech and/or comprehension
Aphasia - inability to use language
Where are the adrenergic/SNS receptors found?
A1 A2 B1 B2 I don't want to type this out bro
Lack of blood flow to tissues effects which pharmacokinetic process?
Distribution
What hormone is released by the anterior pituitary gland when the sympathetic nervous system is responding to danger/stress?
ACTH
What kind of receptors are found on the postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system?
norepinephrine and adrenergic receptors
What disease is treated by receiving immunoglobulin antibodies from a healthy donor to out compete harmful antibodies?
Guillain-Barre
What is the difference between a drug that is highly selective and one that is less selective?
Highly selective drugs won't stimulate other receptors and will not promote as many side effects as on that is less selective