Infectious Cycle
A nurse is caring for a client who acquired hepatitis A from consuming contaminated food. The client's mouth is an example of which link in the chain of infection?
Portal of Entry
The most significant and commonly found infection-causing agent in health care institutions
What is bacteria
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about wearing medical masks. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
"Position the mask on your face with the flexible metal piece at the bottom."
"Remove your mask prior to removing your gloves."
"Discard your mask after each use."
"Touch the front of your mask while wearing it."
"Discard your mask after each use."
A nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse perform hand hygiene. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the procedure?
Turns off the faucet with their hands
Uses hot water to wash their hands
Washes their hands for 10 seconds
Holds their hands below the elbows while rinsing off soap
Holds their hands below the elbows while rinsing off soap
A nurse is caring for a client who acquired a Staphylococcus aureus infection from touching a contaminated towel. Through which mode of transmission did the client acquire the infection?
Indirect Contact
A nurse is teaching a class about the stages of infection. The nurse should include that _____ is the first stage of an infection?
Incubation
A nurse is teaching a client about maintaining skin integrity to decrease the risk of infection. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
"Use a moisturizer on your skin after cleaning."
"Allow your skin to air dry after bathing."
"Wash your skin daily with hot water."
"Rub your skin firmly when cleaning."
"Use a moisturizer on your skin after cleaning."
A nurse is changing the bed linen for a client who is on contact precautions. Which of the following personal protective equipment should the nurse wear?
Face shield
N-95 respirator
Gloves
Goggles
Gown
Gloves and Gown
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse how to set up a sterile field. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Open both side flaps of a sterile package at the same time.
Place sterile items in the middle of the sterile field.
Place the sterile field 15.2 cm (6 in) from a wall.
Set the sterile field up below waist level.
Place sterile items in the middle of the sterile field.
A nurse is preparing to admit a client who has a new diagnosis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse should plan to place the client in which type of transmission-based precaution?
Contact
Name 2 infectious agents
Bacteria, Virus, Fungi, Parasite
A nurse is assessing a client who was brought to the emergency department with an ankle injury. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as localized inflammation of the tissues?
Localized warmth at the site of injury
Full range of motion at the site of injury
3+ palpable pedal pulses below the affected injury site
Sanguineous drainage at the site of injury
Localized warmth at the site of injury
Which of the following actions are appropriate when using personal protective equipment (PPE)?
Wash hands before putting on PPE
Reuse disposable gloves if they appear clean
Remove PPE before leaving the patient's room
Touch your face with gloved hands
Adjust your mask with dirty hands
Wear gloves when touching surfaces in the healthcare facility
Wash hands before putting on PPE
Remove PPE before leaving the patient's room
The nurse is assisting with catheter care for the client to prevent a central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI bundle). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Use clean technique when changing the catheter dressing.
Change the catheter dressing every 2 days.
Clean the access port on the CVAD line with povidone-iodine prior to use.
Perform hand hygiene for 10 seconds prior to changing the catheter dressing.
Use friction when cleaning the access port.
Change the catheter dressing every 2 days.
Clean the access port on the CVAD line with povidone-iodine prior to use.
Use friction when cleaning the access port.
Client is admitted with a 3-day history of abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Client reports 4 to 5 liquid stools/day.
Client was taking amoxicillin/clavulanate for a respiratory tract infection, 500 mg PO q 12 hr for 10 days. Antibiotics completed 7 days ago.
Abdomen soft, nondistended with hyperactive bowel sounds audible in 4 quadrants.
Stool contains mucous and is foul-smelling.
Stool sent for culture - Culture positive for C-Diff
Select the correct nursing actions:
Wear a protective gown while caring for the client.
Place the client in a private room.
Wear an N-95 respirator while caring for the client.
Place the client in a negative pressure room.
Place a mask on the client when they leave their room.
Wear a protective gown while caring for the client.
Place the client in a private room.
The stage of infection where a person is the most contagious.
What is the prodromal stage
A nurse is teaching a class about the steps of the inflammatory response. The nurse should include that which of the following is the first step in the inflammatory response?
Inflammatory cells are activated
Recognition of harmful stimuli by pattern receptors on cell surfaces
Inflammatory pathways are triggered
Release of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein
Recognition of harmful stimuli by pattern receptors on cell surfaces
Which of the following is the correct personal protective equipment (PPE) for droplet precautions?
Gown and Gloves
N95 Mask
Surgical Mask
Face Shield
Surgical Mask
A nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse set up a sterile field. Which of the following actions by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the procedure?
Places the sterile field against a wall in the client's room
Prepares the sterile field 2 hr before it is needed
Inspects the sterile package for holes before opening
Opens the first flap of the sterile package towards the nurse's body.
Inspects the sterile package for holes before opening
A nurse is caring for a client who is placed on droplet precautions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Wear a surgical mask when within 0.6 m (2 ft) of the client.
Move the client to a positive airflow room.
Remove fresh flowers from the client's room.
Place a surgical mask on the client when they leave their room.
Place a surgical mask on the client when they leave their room.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports sneezing, productive cough, muscle aches, headache, and fever that has progressed over the last 4 days. Which of the following stages of infection is the client likely experiencing?
Acute illness
A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client. Which of the following findings indicates the presence of an infection?
Platelet count 200,000/mm3
Creatine kinase 75 units/L
WBC count 22,000/mm3
Hgb 15 g/dL
WBC count 22,000/mm3
An infection control nurse is teaching a class about transmission of infectious agents. The nurse should include that which of the following diseases is transmitted via airborne transmission?
Clostridium difficile
Rubeola
Tuberculosis
Varicella
Staphylococcus aureus
AND what room should this pt be placed in?
Rubeola, Tuberculosis, Varicella
AND
a private negative pressure room
A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about health care-associated infections (HAIs). Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as examples of HAIs?
A client who has influenza acquired from a coworker
A client who has a bladder infection and has an indwelling urinary catheter
A client who has a surgical site infection
A client who has an infection at their central-line insertion site
A client who has pneumonia after being on a ventilator
A client who has a bladder infection and has an indwelling urinary catheter
A client who has a surgical site infection
A client who has an infection at their central-line insertion site
A client who has pneumonia after being on a ventilator
A nurse is caring for a client who is immunocompromised following an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. The nurse should place the client on which precaution?
Standard / Protective