Muscle Tissue
Function: pumps blood throughout the body
Location: in the walls of the heart
Cardiac Muscle
Orbicularis Oculi
Origin: Frontal and maxillary bones and ligaments around orbit
Insertion: tissue of eyelid
Action: closes eyes, produces blinking, squinting, and draws eyebrows inferiorly
Sternocleidomastoid
origin: manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle
insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
action: causes flexion of neck
Serratus Anterior
Origin: lateral aspect of ribs 1-8 (or 9)
Insertion: vertebral border of anterior surface of scapula
Action: prime mover to protract and hold scapula against chest wall
Transverse Abdominis
Origin: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, cartilages of last five or six ribs, and lumbar fascia
Insertion: linea alba and pubic crest
Action: compresses abdominal contents
Location: in the walls of hallow organs
Function: helps push out urine
Smooth Muscle
Zygomaticus (minor and major)
Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: skin and muscle at the corner of the mouth
Action: smiling
Trapezius
Origin: occipital bone
Action: acromion and spinous process of scapula
Insertion: extends head
External and Internal Intercostals
Action: superior (internal) and inferior (external) border of ribs above and below
Insertion: external - pull ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage; internal - draw ribs together to depress rib cage
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Origin: anterior aspect of iliac crest
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Action: steadies trunk
Function: supports the movement of the body
Location: where the muscles are attached to the skeleton
Skeletal Muscle
Buccinator
Origin: molar region of maxilla and mandible
Insertion: orbicularis oris
Action: compresses cheeks
Platysma
Origin: fascia of chest and deltoid
Insertion: lower margin of mandible
Action: tenses skin of neck
Rectus Abdominis
Origin: pubic crest and symphysis
Insertion: xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
Action: flexes and rotates vertebral column
Sartorius
Origin: anterior superior iliac crest
Action: by an aponeurosis into medial aspect of proximal tibia
Insertion: flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh
Orbicularis Oris
Origin: arises indirectly from the maxilla and mandible
Insertion: encircles mouth inserts into muscle and skin at angles of the mouth
Action: closes lips
Pectoralis Minor
origin: anterior surface of ribs 3-5
insertion: coracoid process of scapula
action: with ribs fixed, draws scapula forward and inferiorly
External Oblique
Origin: anterior surface of lower eight ribs
Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest and tubercles, and iliac crest
Action: flexes and rotates vertebral column
Adductor Longus
Origin: pubis near pubic symphysis
Insertion: linea aspera
Action: adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh
Masseter
Origin: zygomatic arch and maxilla
Action: angle and ramus of mandible
Insertion: prime mover of jaw closure
Pectoralis Major
origin: clavicle, sternum, cartilages of ribs 1-6 (or 7)
insertion: fibers converge to insert by short tendon into intertubercular sulcus of humerus
action: prime mover of arm flexion
Internal Oblique
Origin: lumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament
Insertion: linea alba, pubic crest, and costal cartilages of last three ribs
Action: flexes and rotates vertebral column
Gracilis
Origin: inferior ramus and body of pubis
Insertion: medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle
Action: adducts thigh