skin
Pharmacology
Cardiac/ pulmonary
Assesment
metabolic & endo
100
A nurse is assessing the skin of a pt with Acne Vulgaris. Which of the following primary lesions should the nurse expect to find? select all that apply 1) pustules 2) Papules 3) bulla 4) cyst 5) macules
Ans. 1,2, 4 Rationale Bullas are blisters and macules are flat areas of altered color such as freckle.
100
The nurse is planning the homecare of a pt dx with myasthenia gravis. which of the following equipment would the nurse ensure that the pt has at home 1- alternating pressure mattress 2- suction machine 3- oxygen cilinder 4- sequential compression device
ans 2. rationale pt with this condition have a decreased ability to chew, swallow and expectorate secretions. Pt and family must be instructed how to use suction machine
100
The nurse is assessing a child with pulmonary valve stenosis. The nurse would expect to find which of the following 1- a thrill may be heard 2- severe cyanosis at birth 3- a systolic murmur heard over the left sternal border 4- clubbing and exertional dyspnea
ans 3 rationale loud systolic murmur heard at the upper left sternal border. a thrill may be present in the upper left sternal area or at the suprasternal notch. thrills are felt not heard.
100
A pt came into the clinic due to an eye problem. Which of the following is the correct method to assess the function of the pt cranial nerve II. (optic nerve) 1- use a snellen chart 2- use penlight to check pupils for reactivity 3- note for nysagmus by testing the extra ocular movements 4- use a feather to check for corneal reflex
ans 1. rationale CN II is associated with visual acuity and peripheral vision
100
A nurse is teaching a pt with hyperparathyroidism how to prevent hypocalcemia. The nurse should include which of the following? 1- drink 4 glasses of milk per day 2- reduce calcium intake 3- increase fluid intake to 3,000 ml per day 4- get regular, weight bearing exercise
Ans 4. rationale prevents breakdown of bones
200
A child with acute glomerulonephritis is being discharged from the hospital. In giving follow up information to his parents, it is important to teach which of the following known ante decent infections in acute glomerulonephritis? 1- impetigo 2- pneumonia 3-meningitis 4-herpes simplex
ans 1. rationale Streptococcal pyogenes commonly precedes AGN in the form of impetigo or strep throat
200
A pt is admitted to the hospital with an INR of 3.9, a hx of GI bleeding, and osteomyelitis. The pt is complaining of bone pain so the nurse prepares to administer morphine. Which route should be avoided. 1- IV 2- IM 3- oral 4- Sub Q
ans 2. with an elevated INR the pt is at risk for bleeding. Muscles are highly vascular and should be avoided.
200
A paitient dignosed with mitral vallve prolapse was given quinidine IV for an arrhythmia. The nurse understands that the patient is experiencing a common adverse reaction to this drug when: A. The patient is having frequent watery diarrhea. B. The patient complains of back pain. C. The patient report muscle weakness D. The patient reports ringing in the ears.
What is A. The patient is having frequent watery diarrhea. ~Common side effects of quinidine include diarrhea (35%), stomach cramping (22%), lightheadedness(15%) nausea, vomiting, and QTc prolongation.
200
When documenting in a pt chart the nurse should 1- leave a blank line in between each line of writing 2- use a pencil, so the nurse can erase all errors 3- use an ink pen 4- sign each entry with the nurses initials
ans 3. pt chart is a legal document so te nurse should use a pen. each entry should be signed with full name and title
200
The nurse is caring for a pt scheduled for a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Before the surgery which of the following interventions is appropiate to assess the pt for potential complications? 1- test urine for nitrates 2- assess temperature every 2 hr 3- test blood glucose every 4 hr 4- check serum hemoglobin and hematocrit
Asn. 3 rationale hypersecretion of cortisol increases blood glucose
300
A pt recently diagnosed with psoriasis is being instructed on the precipitating factors associated with this disease. Which of the following should the nurse include 1- sunlight 2- infection 3- hormones 4- physical activity 5- high sugar consumption
ans 1,2,3. rationale precipitating factors include sunlight, infection, hormone fluctuations, trauma, medications, smoking, alcohol and stress.
300
Inactivated polio vaccine is given at the age of… 1- 9 months in one dose only 2- 6 wk in 3 doses 3- birth - 2 months in 3 doses 4- 2 months in 2 doses
ans 2 rationale is given in healthy infants in 3 doses starting at 6 wk of age
300
The nurse is caring for an immunocompromised pt the that has histoplasmosis. The nurse assesses the pt knowing that histoplasmosis is similar to pneumonia in that it… 1- is caused by a similar bacteria 2- causes pulmonary fibrosis 3- has similar treatment 4- has similas S&Sx
Ans 4.rationale it is characterized by non specific respiratory symptoms( cough, flu like sx, dyspnea) similar to pneumonia
300
A pt with Raynaud disease is addmited to the hospital. The nurse assesses the pt for which expected clinical manifestation? select all that apply 1- numbness in the hands 2- urticaria of the upper extremities 3- diminished or absent peripheral pulses 4- pale extremities 5- brittle finger nails
ans 1,3, 4, 5 . rationale S &Sx include diminished peripheral pulses, palor, numbness in the extremities , thin skin, brittle nails and cyanosis
300
A pt taking propylthiouracil should be instructed to reduce dietary sources of 1- iodine 2- potassium 3- viamin K 4- iron
ans 1. rationale interferes with th drug action
400
A pt is diagnosed with contact dermatitis. The nurse explains to the pt of which of the following is the most likely cause? 1- fungal infection 2- harsh soap 3- viral infection 4- bacterial infection
ans 2. rationale contact dermititis is caused by irritants or allergens.
400
A teenager is prescribed a hormonal oral contraceptive. Which of the following findings indicates the pt is experiencing a serious side effect 1- heat and swelling of the right lower extremity 2- polyuria 3- distended abdomen 4- tinnitus
ans 1. risk for venous thromboemolism
400
A nurse is caring for an intubated pt on a mechanical ventilator. The pt is in need of endotracheal suction, th nurse expects to see which of the following? 1- pulse of 62 2- clear breath sounds 3- low peak inspiratory pressure 4- high peak inspiratory pressure
ans 4. rt suction is indicated with the presence of wet respirations, rhonchi, increased peak inspiratory pressure, increased respiratory rate and heart rates. high amount of pressure needed for inspiration due to presence of mucus
400
After shift change on a cardiovascular unit, the nurse is looking over her assigments to determine in which order they should be assessed. Which pt should be assessed last? 1- a pt with new onset chest pain 2- a pt with difficulty breathing 3- a new post-op pt 4- a pt with chronic knee pain
ans 4. chronic pain is not a priority over life threatening symptoms and post-op require more frequent monitoring and care.
400
A pt has been prescribed a new drug, exenatide (Bydureon) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The nurse instructs the pt to take this medication… 1-once a wk 2- before each meal 3- every 48 hr 4- at bedtime
ans 1 rationale SQ injection is a glucagon like peptide 1 agonist that stimulates insulin release
500
A pt prescribed ampicillin is recieving instructions on administration. The nurse should warn the pt about which common but non ife threatening adverse effect? 1- Rash and pruritus 2- headache 3- constipation 4- bronchospasm
ans 1. rationale non allergic rash and will disappear with discontinuation of the drug
500
A nurse administering blood products sshould keep the infusion rate under… 1- 6 hr 2- 4 hr 3- 2 hr 4- 8 hr
ans 2. should not last longer than 4 hr due to the increased risk for sepsis. under 2 is to fast.
500
A pt with congestive heart failure is prescribed lisinoprol, 10 mg PO daily. the nurse should inform the pt about which common side effect? 1- dry eyes 2- confusion 3- dry cough 4- weight gain
ans 3. rationale dry cough and hypotension is common with ACEI
500
Which of the following is a requirement of Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1986? 1- The physician cannot approach the family about organ donation, this must be done by a representative of an organ donation organization 2- The medical examiner must be notified 3- The families of dying or dead pt must be approached about organ and tissue donation 4- The physician must notify the donor organization in a timely manner
ans 3. rationale all hospitals are mandated to establish protocols for identifying potential tissue and organ donors.
500
The nurse is treating a pt suffering from Addisonian crisis. The nurse should avoid the administration of… 1- potassium chloride 2- vasopressors 3- hydrocortisone 4- dextrose
Ans 1. rationale addisonian crisis causes severe hyperkalemia.
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