Compliments
What purpose do compliments serve?
Social strategy used to build relationships - can be used to create and affirm relationships.
What are the two most commonly utilized means of giving advice?
Directly
Indirectly
What punctuation goes after the email recipient's name?
COMMA!!!
What is pragmatics?
The study of language in its context. Analyzing and paying attention to not just what is said, but HOW it is said.
What is the purpose of a complaint?
To express dissatisfaction.
What factors are important to consider when giving a compliment?
Audience
Setting
Intent
Name two strategies commonly used by native speakers to give advice.
Alternatives
Elaboration
Expressions of empathy
Assertions of individual choice
Introspective questions
What is an example of a closing salutation?
Warm regards
Sincerely
Best
Regards
Why is pragmatics important to study for second language learners?
It is important to study pragmatics for ESL students because without pragmatics poor communication will result. The speaker may unintentionally appear rude, uneducated, or even mean.
What are the two ways to go about making a request?
Indirectly
What are the three ways in which you can respond to a compliment?
Accept
Reject
Deflect
Your friend needs to get his hair cut. How would you give this advice using introspective questions?
Wow, can you believe how long your hair has gotten? When was your last haircut?
What are the three components of an invitation?
Pre-invitation
Invitation
Response
What are the various "themes" that we studied called? EX: compliments, complaints, advice, apologies
Speech acts
What are the four main steps when making a complaint?
1. Initiation
2. The complaint
3. Justification
4. The request
"You did a great job on your presentation for history class!" - deflecting this compliment by requesting assurance.
You really think I did a great job? Thank you for saying that.
What is an expression of empathy and how is it used when giving advice?
Statements in which a respondent explicitly states understanding of the advice-seekers situation. Counseling tone.
Why is a pre-invitation important?
A pre-invitation is utilized to assess how interested/available/willing the other person is in participating in a certain event.
NO! Pragmatics is heavily dependent upon context, meaning that what you say or do in one situation doesn't mean that it will apply to all future situations.
How are complaints and requests related?
Complaints often include a request.
Explain how compliments are a social strategy.
Used to initiate conversation and sustain it. Means of connecting with other people.
Why do you need to be especially aware and mindful when giving advice in English?
You don't want to come across as rude or bossy, so it's important to retain a polite tone while also paying attention to the content of what you're saying.
How would you decline the invitation?
Thank you so much for inviting me! I wish I could go, but unfortunately I have to work this afternoon, so I won't be able to join you.
Age
Gender
Power / hierarchy / relationship
Circumstance
Scale of the situation / the particular speech act