AAC
A speech-language pathologist (SLP) in private practice has been assigned to evaluate a new patient, who has recently moved into the area. After reading the patient's intake file, the SLP realizes that the patient has been utilizing an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) device for communicative purposes for the last few years. The description of the patient's AAC device is as follows "a functional computer that utilizes communicative software. The patient is also able to utilize the Internet on their device and has few gaming apps for personal enjoyment." Which statement BEST describes this patient's AAC device?
A. The patient is utilizing a mid-tech, nondedicated AAC device.
B. The patient is utilizing a no-tech, dedicated AAC device.
C. The patient is utilizing a high-tech, nondedicated AAC device.
D. The patient is utilizing a low-tech, dedicated AAC device.
C. The patient is utilizing a high-tech, nondedicated AAC device.
Secondary stuttering behaviors provide clinical significance in evaluation of the stuttering in children. Which of the following statement is MOST ACCURATE with regard to the significance of secondary behaviors?
A. They indicate that the PWS is more likely to stutter as an adult
B. They indicate that the PWS is exhibiting fear and embarrassment
C. They indicate that the PWS is using escape and avoidance behaviors to deal with their stuttering.
C. They indicate that the PWS is using escape and avoidance behaviors to deal with their stuttering.
An SLP in an acute care hospital has been preparing a patient to undergo a total laryngectomy following diagnosis of malignant laryngeal cancer. After being educated regarding the various forms of laryngeal communication, the patient decides that they would like to utilize a form of communication that allows the most natural vocal quality that also restores spoken communication as quickly as possible. After considering the following treatment options, which one was determined to be the best?
A.electrolarynx with neck placement
B. tracheoesophageal speech
C. esophageal speech
D. intraoral electrolarynx
B. tracheoesophageal speech
A speech-language pathologist (SLP) is tutoring a teenager who is writing a report for her science class. The student's difficulties with setting her goals and organizing an approach to her writing are consistent with deficits in which component area of writing?
A. Translating
B. Planning
C. Reviewing
D. Spelling
B. Planning
A speech-language pathologist (SLP) has finished analyzing the data collected ruing his research study and has found that the p value is 0.04. Due to this level of statistical significance, the SLP may decide to reject which of the following?
A. Hypothesis
B. Null hypothesis
C. Means of analysis
D. Conclusion
B. Null hypothesis
Sean is an elderly gentleman with severe flaccid dysarthria and right hemiparesis caused by a large left hemispheric infarction. Prior to sustaining his stroke, Sean was declared legally blind, secondary to macular degeneration. Sean has been experiencing difficulty with verbal expression and has made few gains in treatment. His speech-language pathologist (SLP) has decided to implement an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) approach to treatment in order to increase Sean's communicative effectiveness. Which intervention would be of the MOST benefit?
A. Augmentative device utilizing line drawings
B. Augmentative device with auditory scanning
C. Alphabet board supplementation
D. Augmentative device utilizing eye gaze system
B. Augmentative device with auditory scanning
Mary is a junior high student who has been working with a speech-language pathologist (SLP) in therapy for the past 6 months. Mary's therapy has focused on fluency-shaping activities primarily. Which of the following techniques was probably used during these sessions?
A. Cancellation
B. Avoidance treatment
C. Counseling
D. Operant conditioning to reinforce moments of fluency
D. Operant conditioning to reinforce moments of fluency
A patient recently admitted to an acute rehabilitation hospital is presenting with hoarse vocal quality following spinal surgery. After the SLP consult, the patient reports he believes his vocal quality has changed since the surgery and that it is beginning to affect his self-perception. Following comprehensive voice assessment, the SLP notes that the patient is presenting with mild vocal fold edema, most likely caused by intubation during surgery. Which one was determined to be the most appropriate?
A.vocal function exercise regimen
B. vocal hygiene principles
C. LSVT
D. AAC
B. vocal hygiene principles
An SLP is completing a study to prove that two different treatment approaches provide differing amounts of progress in persons with aphasia. They would like to utilize a strict statistical test in order to prove significance between the amounts of progress. Which of the following methods would be the best option?
A. one-tailed test,
B. meta-analysis
C. two-tailed test
D. Cochran Q test
C. two-tailed test
A school-aged, pediatric patient with cerebral palsy has been brought to an outpatient augmentative communication clinic by their parents, in order to participate in a comprehensive augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) evaluation. According to the child's parents, the patient had been working with a Go Pro AAC system at school, but now that the school is on summer vacation, the school has mandated that the device be returned. The parents are now hoping to receive a device for use at home, in order to promote their child's communication. Which barrier to communication is this patient experiencing?
A. Policy barrier
B. Skill barrier
C. Practice barrier
D. Access barrier
C. Practice barrier
Mrs. Lyons is a 55 y/o teacher in a large urban school district. She was recently forced to transfer to a different school because of reorganization. The new school has a history of conflict with parents and students, takes an extra hour of commute time for Mrs. Lyons, and she is sad about leaving her friends at the former school. While teaching, Mrs. Lyons notes that she is starting to stutter and she is frustrated and angry. When students laugh, she notes that it gets worse. When she comes for an evaluation, she responds immediately to cues provided by the SLP and her speech is fluent. Mrs. Lyons is likely exhibiting this type of stutter.
psychogenic stuttering
A patient arrives at an acute rehabilitation hospital, following a hip replacement surgery. The physician has asked the speech-language pathologist (SLP) to perform a full evaluation of the patient, with suspicions of cognitive changes postsurgery. After performing the evaluation, the SLP documented a hoarse/rough vocal quality, which the patient reported was not there prior to the surgery. The SLP determines that the patient has not received adequate hydration and is consuming too much coffee during hospitalization. Which intervention should be utilized?
A. Vocal hygiene information
B. Medialization laryngoplasty
C. Consultation with the physician for appropriate prescription drugs
D. No treatment is necessary
A. Vocal hygiene information
A clinician in private practice is looking to purchase speech and language evaluations. She is interested in a test that will correctly rule out children who do not have speech and language disorders. This clinician should look up information in the evaluation manuals regarding:
A) Sensitivity
B) Specificity
C) Test-retest reliability
D) Construct validity
B) Specificity
Specificity measures a test's ability to correctly identify individuals without the disorder (true negatives), ruling out typical children and preventing false positives.
Sensitivity measures a test's ability to correctly identify individuals with the disorder (true positives).
Test-retest reliability measures the consistency of test scores over time.
Construct validity measures how well a test reflects the theoretical trait or concept it claims to evaluate.
Anthony has recently been admitted to a skilled nursing facility, following a large left middle cerebral artery infarction. He was previously diagnosed with severe Broca's aphasia and verbal apraxia, and his verbal expression is characterized by content words, paraphasias and overly stereotyped utterances. However, Anthony has relatively preserved cognitive skills, including memory and attention. The speech-language pathologist assigned to work with Anthony believes he would benefit from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention. Which of the following approaches would Anthony MOST LIKELY benefit from?
A. Supplemental verbal expression with an eye gaze system.
B. Provision of a speech-generating device.
C. Supplemental verbal expression with writing.
D. Supplemental verbal expression with a picture board.
D. Supplemental verbal expression with a picture board.
Zach, a 25 y/o man who stutters, has been in therapy off and on over the years. His SLP has consistently used a fluency shaping approach. In these sessions, Zach is able to make improvement in therapy but has trouble generalizing his fluent speech to his work and social setting. Together they decide to try techniques such as relationship focused therapy that addresses feelings and attitudes about communication and speaking, cancellation, and avoidance reduction. These techniques are classified as this.
stuttering modification
A patient has overcome a lengthy sickness with resultant voice difficulties. Following a voice evaluation at an acute care hospital, the patient is diagnosed with viral-induced superior laryngeal nerve damage. With which of the following difficulties would this patient MOST LIKELY present?
A. Maintaining phonation
B. Controlling respiration
C. Changing pitch
D. Valving the nasal cavity
C. Changing pitch
An SLP researcher is designing a research study to determine the effect of time spent in intervention, dosage of intervention and type of feedback on the amount of progress made in children with phonological disorders. Considering the following types of experiments (nonparametric, parametric, within-subjects, and between-subjects) which one did the researcher use?
Parametric experiment
Rebecca is a speech-language pathologist (SLP) working in a rehabilitation hospital. She has recently begun working with a patient who developed severe spastic dysarthria following a significant motor vehicle accident. Rebecca believes that this patient is a candidate for an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) device while in the hospital and wishes to prioritize essential messages for recording on the device. Specifically, Rebecca wishes to record words such as hungry, thirsty, and bathroom. What type of vocabulary does Rebecca wish to record for this patient?
A. Fringe vocabulary
B. Developmental vocabulary
C. Inventory vocabulary
D. Coverage vocabulary
D. Coverage vocabulary
During stuttering therapy, a speech-language pathologist teaches a patient techniques such as easy onset of phonation, light articulatory contacts, and a slowed speech rate with continuous vocalization. Which of the following treatment approaches is primarily characterized by these techniques?
a. fluency shaping
b. stuttering modification
c. desensitization therapy
d. response cost
a. fluency shaping
After undergoing open heart surgery, a patient emerges from anesthesia to find that the patient is presenting with a significantly hypophonic, breathy voice. After a few days in recovery, the patient's vocal quality has not improved, and a referral for otolaryngology and speech-language pathology consult is made. Based on the information given, what condition will most likely be discovered upon endoscopy?
A. Vocal fold polyps
B. Presbylaryngeus
C. Vocal fold paralysis
D. Arytenoid granuloma
C. Vocal fold paralysis