Nature of Science
The variable located on the x axis, that is changed/manipulated during the experiment
What is Independent Variable
The property of substances that involve how the substance reacts when in the presents/absence of other substances and how it changes its chemical identity as a result.
What is a Chemical Property
6.02 x 1023
What is Avogadro's number
A state of matter that forms homogenous mixtures with other gases regardless of identities or proportions. Always expand to fill the container they are in due to a lack of strong attractive forces
What is a gas
P1V1 = P2V2
What is Boyle's Law
1. Described as a scientific explanation of events in the natural world based on repeated observations and well supported hypothesis. They try to explain why a phenomenon has occurred.
2. They are a description about an observed phenomenon. They are always accepted to be true and universal.
What is a scientific theory (1) What is a scientific law (2)
1. This property is independent of the amount of substance present. Meanwhile 2. This property is dependent on the amount of substance present.
What is intensive and extensive properties
Reaction Formula
AB + CD --> AD + CB
What is a Double replacement reaction
(1) These reactions require energy to be present as a reactant, and the energy is absorbed the change taking place. (2) These reactions require energy to be present as a product, and the energy is released by the change taking place.
What is endothermic and exothermic reactions
Explain the difference between Charles' gas law and Gay-Lussac's law
Charles' law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant
V1/T1 = V2T2
Gay Lussac's law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its kelvin temperature if the volume is kept constant.
P1/T1 = P2/T2
The study of astrology and Ancient aliens is commonly classified as what?
What is pseuodoscience
How to Draw Lewis Dot Diagrams
1. write the symbol of the atom
2. Count the number of valance electrons
3. Place the dots around the atom one at a time - top, right, bottom, and left
Keep electrons unpaired if possible
Explain the difference between a Conjugate acid or a conjugate Base
A conjugate acid is the particle that formed when a base gains a hydrogen. A conjugate base is the particle formed when an acid loses a hydrogen.
C = 3.00 x 108 m/s
What is the speed of light
Based on the speed and frequency of collision between the particles and the walls of a container. The amount of gas, volume, and temperature are factors that affect gas pressure
Describe the properties of gas
The scientific notation form for 0.00000072
What is 7.2 x 10-7
Nuclear Notation: the modern atomic model depicts
What is:
The nucleus: Protons & Neutrons
The electron cloud: electrons
States atoms achieve stable electron configuration when they have 8 valence electrons (or 2 valence electrons in the case of hydrogen)
What is the wavelength of radiation with a frequency of 6.24 x 1013 sec-1?
What is λ = 4.807x10-6
Using the Combined gas law: A gas balloon has a volume of 106.6 liters when the temperature is 45°C and the pressure is 740.0 mmHg. What will be the volume at 20.0° C and 780.0 mmHg pressure?
What is V2 = 93.56
What is the difference between the precision and accuracy of measurements, and how do significant figures play are part?
Precision is based on how closely repeated measurements approach one another (consistency). Accuracy is based on the closeness of measurement to the "true"/accepted value (correct). Significant figures are the digits in a measurement that are known with certainty.
Molar conversions:
How many moles are in 15 grams of lithium?
2.2 moles Li
Balance the equation:
Mg(NO3)2 + K3PO4 --> Mg3(PO4)2 + KNO3
What is:
3Mg(NO3)2 + 2K3PO4 --> Mg3(PO4)2 + 6KNO3
If a certain light has 7.18 x 10-19 J of energy what is the frequency, in Hz, of this light?
What is 1.08x1015= V
The force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object. It is the result of the collisions of billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas.
Si unit of pressure is pascal (Pa)