Codon Chart
Protein Synthesis
DNA Structure
Mutations/Genes
100
Which amino acid would be produced from the codon: CCA
Pro
100
List the steps of protein synthesis in the correct order:
1. Messenger RNA attaches to the ribosome
2. Amino acids bond together to form a polypeptide (protein) chain
3. Messenger RNA is produced using DNA as a template
4. A specific anti-codon on transfer RNA bonds to a specific codon on mRNA
3, 1, 4, 2
100
What types of biomolecules are present in chromosomes?
a. nucleic acids and carbohydrates
b. carbohydrates and lipids
c. proteins and nucleic acids
d. proteins and carbohydrates
c. proteins and nucleic acids
100
What type of mutation is shown in this sequence?
a. Insertion
b. Substitution
c. Deletion
d. Frameshift
b. Substitution
200
Which amino acid would be produced from the codon: AGU
Ser
200
What does a STOP codon do, whether it's a mutation or not?
It causes translation to stop
200
Three nucleotides code for:
a. 1 amino acid
b. 3 amino acids
c. 1 protein
d. 3 proteins
a. 1 amino acid
200
What type of mutation is shown here?
a. insertion
b. deletion
c. frameshift
d. substitution/silent
a. insertion
300
Which amino acid would be produced from the codon: UAA
STOP
300
What is the job of the nucleic acid tRNA?
a. Serves as the place of protein synthesis
b. Facilitates chemical reactions that form ribosomes
c. Carries amino acids to protein-building ribosomes
d. Carries genetic information from the DNA to ribosomes
c. Carries amino acids to protein-building ribosomes
300
A nucleotide consists of:
a. a nitrogen base
b. a nitrogen base and a sugar
c. a nitrogen base, sugar, and phosphate
d. two nitrogen bases, sugar, and phosphate
c. a nitrogen base, sugar, and phosphate
300
Differences in traits like someone's eye color is determined by:
a. the number of nitrogenous bases in DNA
b. the location of sugar groups in DNA
c. the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
d. the molecules attached to the phosphate in DNA
c. the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
400
Which amino acid would be produced from the codon: GAU
Asp
400
What is the purpose of the process in the diagram below?
a. Produces nucleotides for DNA sequence
b. Saves the genes and genetic information for future offspring
c. Deleting the information in the DNA template strand
d. Transcribing information in the DNA sequence for use
d. Transcribing information in the DNA sequence for use
400
What are the colored rungs?
a. the sugar deoxyribose and a phosphate
b. amino acids
c. the genes from each parent
d. nitrogen bases connected by a hydrogen bond
d. nitrogen bases connected by a hydrogen bond
400
The diagram represents one type of mutation, that causes sickle cell anemia. Which statement best describes the mutation?
a. deletion of cytosine base
b. substitution between thymine and cytosine
c. insertion of adenine into one strand of DNA
d. silent mutation causing the insertion of different amino acid
c. insertion of adenine into one strand of DNA
500
Which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence?
5' AUGAAUUACUAUGGUUAA 3'
Met-Asn-Tyr-Tyr-Gly-STOP
500
What is the purpose of the process in the diagram below?
a. To assemble nucleotides in an mRNA chain
b. To copy the DNA of the organism before mitosis
c. To translate the genetic information to produce proteins
d. To synthesize amino acids and unzip the DNA strand
c. To translate the genetic information to produce proteins
500
Where is DNA located?
In the nucleus
500
A mutation that doesn't affect the health of an organism is called:
a. deletion
b. insertion
c. variation
d. natural selection
c. variation
600
Which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence?
5' UUGAUUAAACGAGAA 3'
Leu-Ile-Lys-Arg-Glu
600
What statement best describes the process illustrated below?
a. DNA is transcribed into ribosomes to form proteins
b. Anticodons on tRNA pair with the mRNA codons to join amino acids
c. The growing protein is made of amino acids that are coded by cytoplasm
d. The ribosome translates the DNA into mRNA
b. Anticodons on tRNA pair with the mRNA codons to join amino acids
600
DNA strands run _________ to each other.
a. parallel
b. anti-parallel
c. perpendicular
d. both a and b
b. anti-parallel
600
The initial steps of gene expression are modeled in the diagram (DNA unwinds into two strands). What is the process and what is produced?
a. translation; protein
b. replication; tRNA
c. recombination; polymerase
d. transcription; mRNA
d. transcription; mRNA
(An RNA copy of only one side of the DNA is being made, which indicates transcription. If DNA was being replicated it would have been copying both sides. The product of transcription is mRNA.)