Early Humans
Term for humans who move from place to place.
Who are nomads.
Which river was central to the development of ancient Egypt
The Nile River
Which Indian empire is known for its advancements in mathematics and the concept of zero?
Gupta Empire
Why were the Crusades fought?
To capture the Holy Land (Jerusalem)
Which philosophy emphasizes respect for elders and proper social relationships
Confucianism
Give an example of life during the Paleolithic Age
What is: Hunters and gatherers, were nomadic, had basic tools, developed fire.
Which writing system was developed by the Sumerians (Mesopotamians)?
Cuneiform
Name three achievements under either the Roman Republic or the Roman Empire.
Aqueducts, Twelve Tables of Law, Architecture (coliseum, arches), Roads, Strong military, large empire, Concrete, Sanitation (developed public baths), Julian calendar, literature, art, public press/newspaper, bound books
Name two achievements of the Byzantine Empire
Preservation of Greek and Roman learning, Justinian Code, Architecture, Eastern Orthodox Church, Influence over Russia
Which religion believes in reincarnation, originated in India but rejected the caste system and spread to the East via the Silk Road?
Buddhism
What was the change in the Neolithic Revolution?
What is: from hunting and gathering to farming, from being nomadic to settling down.
Pyramids (architecture and engineering), hieroglyphics, use of papyrus, advanced religion, scribes to keep records, mummification, advancements in medicine and science, irrigation
List three achievements of the Ancient Greeks
Direct Democracy, Architecture (Columns, stadiums, temples), Drama, epic literature, Olympics, philosophy, advances in math, medicine realistic sculpture
How was the Islamic Empire able to conquer so much in so little time?
Appeal of the message, exhausted rivals (neighboring empires had just fought each other making them vulnerable to new threats), military advantages, appeal to conquered populations
Why was Judaism so unique at the time of its origin?
It was monotheistic, its emphasis on a covenant and divine law/moral guideline to follow (The Ten Commandments)
Why was the Indus River Valley considered so advanced for their time? Give two examples.
cities laid out in grid pattern (like in Harappa and Mojenjo-Daro), sanitation & plumbing systems (almost every home was connected to an underground sewage system, and most urban homes had private bathrooms and water flushed toilets), public hygiene like the Great Bath (provided areas for ritual or public bathing)
Give three reasons for the Fall of Rome
Internal strife, foreign invasions, too big to maintain, economic inflation
Explain the concept of manorialism.
BONUS - why did it come about?
Self sufficient - everything can be done on the manor. Church, farming, mills to make bread, goldsmith.
WHY? Life outside manors were dangerous due to fall of Rome.
How did the Roman Empire help spread Christianity?
Their road system made it easy to travel and spread ideas. Because people were willing to die for their religion, it sparked curiosity. Once Constantine legalized and converted to Christianity, it was embraced further
Give 4 characteristics of a civilization
What is: written language/keeping records, cities, specialization for job/workers, social structure, government, organized religion, stable food supply, art/architecture/technology
What do the laws of Hammurabi's Code tell us about the Mesopotamians? Give two examples.
A rigid social hierarchy, they used proportional justice (punishment mirrored the crime, eye for an eye), patriarchal family structure
How are the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty similar?
Strong centralized government, roads, large scale trade networks, military power
Why were the Crusades called a 'successful failure'
They failed to achieve their goal (capturing the Holy Land), BUT it increased trade and cultural diffusion, growth of cities, and strengthened monarchs (weakening feudalism)
What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
1. Belief in one Gd only 2. Fasting during Ramadan 3. Giving alms/charity 4. Pray 5X a day 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca