Economic Difference
Which region relied on factories and wage labor?
North
What was the Missouri Compromise line?
36°30′ latitude
What phrase described America’s right to expand from coast to coast?
Manifest Destiny
What event caused Mexico to be angry at the U.S. in 1845?
Annexation of Texas
What 1850 law required Northerners to return escaped enslaved people?
Fugitive Slave Act
What crop was the South most dependent on?
Cotton
Which state entered as a free state in 1820?
Maine
Name one famous westward trail used by settlers.
Oregon Trail or Santa Fe Trail
What river did the U.S. claim as Texas’s southern border?
Rio Grande River
Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Why did the North support tariffs?
Protected their industries from foreign competition
Who led South Carolina’s resistance during the Nullification Crisis?
John C. Calhoun
What was one reason people moved westward?
farming, mining, trade, escape persecution, fresh start.
Which treaty ended the war and gave the U.S. huge land gains?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)
What was the violent conflict in Kansas called after the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
Bleeding Kansas
Why did the South oppose tariffs?
They raised prices on imported goods and hurt cotton trade
What was the main purpose of tariffs in the early 1800s?
To protect American industries.
What caused the Texas Revolution?
Clashes with Mexico over slavery, language, religion, and self-government
What new territories did the U.S. gain from Mexico?
California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, parts of Colorado and Wyoming
What did the Supreme Court rule in the Dred Scott case?
Enslaved people were property, not citizens; Congress couldn’t ban slavery in territories.
Name one major difference between the economies of the North and South besides slavery.
North had manufacturing & trade; South was rural & agricultural.
How did Andrew Jackson respond to the Nullification Crisis?
Threatened to use force; supported a compromise tariff.
What agreement set the U.S.–British border in Oregon at the 49th parallel?
Oregon Treaty (1846)
What purchase finalized the U.S.–Mexico border in 1854?
Gadsden Purchase
What event in 1859 increased southern fears of abolitionist violence?
John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry