A
During this time period, people began using more advanced stone tools and transitioned to farming as a main source of food.
Neolithic
An independent city that controls the territory surrounding it
City-state
Raising plants and/or animals for food or other uses
Agriculture
Refers to people being settled in one place, not mobile
Sedentary
This region in the Near East is often called a cradle of civilization, and is likely where the earliest farming communities emerged
Fertile Crescent
This is the current mainstream hypothesis about where humans originated and from where they migrated.
Out of Africa Theory
Form of early Chinese writing dating back to the Shang Dynasty
Oracle Bones
The idea that men and women have certain jobs, tasks, behaviors, etc. that are appropriate for them
Gender roles
This major step forward in human development, which occurred during the Paleolithic, allowed for humans to get more nutrition from their food, which likely led to the larger brains in modern humans
Domestication of fire
First Indus Valley city to be discovered
Harappa
Belief in multiple gods
Polytheism
Groups based around blood relationship
Kinship groups
Practice of keeping large herds of domesticated animals, periodically moving them from place to place
Pastoralism
The transition to agriculture resulted in ___________, which resulted in larger populations and eventually more sophisticated civilizations
Food surplus
A legal system that featured punishments that varied based on social status
Code of Hammurabi
This occurred when the jobs people did became complicated enough to require training and expertise, such as metalworking
Specialization of labor
This Emperor believed that Legalism was necessary to impose order in China
(Qin) Shi Huangdi
These are the two deserts that form the western boundary of China
Gobi and Taklamakan Deserts
This is the section of Jewish scriptures that contains religious law and rituals
Torah
In Christianity, Jesus is thought to be this.
Messiah/son of God
This religion's sacred text is called the Avesta.
Zoroastrianism
This was designed to allow messengers to travel rapidly from Asia Minor to Persia
Royal Road
"Life is suffering" is a statement associated with this religious teaching
Four Noble Truths
His conversion led to Christianity becoming legalized
Constantine
A Persian provincial governor
Satrap