Macromolecules and Chemical Reactions
Name the four macromolecules.
**DAILY DOUBLE**
State the 3 parts of the cell theory.
1)All living things are made up of cells.
2)Cells are the basic unit of life.
3)Cells come from pre-existing cells.
List the reactants and products of photosynthesis.
Reactants- Water, Carbon Dioxide
Products- oxygen, glucose
Cellular respiration is aerobic because it requires ____________________.
oxygen
Name the two types of fermentation.
Alcoholic and Lactic Acid
This macromolecule stores and transmits genetic information.
Nucleic Acid
Proteins are formed at this organelle.
Ribosome
Why do plants appear green?
Chlorophyll reflects green light.
Order the three stages of cellular respiration.
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
When is energy released from an ATP molecule?
When a phosphate group breaks off
Why is carbon the "element of life?"
Carbon has the ability to bond with itself to form a variety of different structures (our macromolecules).
Ex. Chains, Rings
This organelle is the custodian of the cell because it breaks down wastes.
Lysosomes
NADP+ is an electron carrier involved in photosynthesis because it can accept high energy electrons and ______________________________.
Hydrogen (H+) ions
The main organelle in photosynthesis is the chloroplast, while the _____________________ is the main organelle involved in cellular respiration.
Mitochondria
Both --> Active Transport
Endo-brings particles into cell
Exo-releases particles out of cell
List Energy carrying molecules from lowest energy to highest
ATP, Glucose, Glycogen, Lipids (Triglycerides)
Active transport requires this while passive transport does not.
Energy
List the three molecules that are formed during the light dependent reaction.
Oxygen NADPH, ATP
**DAILY DOUBLE**
List the energy carriers in cellular respiration.
NADH and FADH2
Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration opposite processes?
Reactant of one are the products of another.
Photosynthesis "deposits" energy and cellular respiration "withdraws" energy.
How do enzymes speed up a chemical reaction?
They lower the activation energy
What types of organisms does cell specialization involve.
Multicellular organisms
Describe the main goal of photosynthesis.
Use the sun to produce carbohydrates to store chemical energy.
Describe the main purpose of cellular respiration.
Slowly break down chemical energy in food to release energy in the form of ATP.
Difference between three types of passive transport
Simple: particles through membrane
Facilitated: Particles through proteins
Osmosis: Water through aquaporins