Natural History & Introduction
What happened to Britain after the Ice Age around 6000 BC?
It became an island
Who were the Iberians and where did they come from?
They came from the area of today’s Spain.
When did the Celts arrive in the British Isles?
Around 700 BC.
Who were the Druids?
Priests and leaders in Celtic society.
Who led the Roman conquest of Britain in 43 AD?
Emperor Claudius.
How did the earliest people in Britain survive?
They lived as hunters, fishermen, and gatherers.
What were the main weapons of the Iberians?
Bows, arrows, spears, shields, and helmets.
Name the two main groups of Celts in Britain.
The Britons in the south and the Scots in the north.
What did the Druids remember and teach without writing?
Laws, history, medicine, and religion
What kinds of structures did the Romans build in Britain?
Roads, bridges, walls, towns, and military camps.
Why did Britain become an island?
Because rising sea levels separated it from the European continent.
What kinds of buildings and monuments did the Iberians create?
Stone and wooden houses, roads, burial chambers, and stone temples.
Which modern languages come from Celtic languages?
Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Manx, Welsh, Cornish, and Breton.
How often did Druids from different tribes meet?
Once a year.
How did Roman colonization change Britain’s trade and language?
Trade became easier through roads, and Latin replaced many Celtic dialects.
Describe the natural environment of Britain after the Ice Age.
It was covered with thick forests full of wild animals and birds.
Why is Stonehenge considered a mystery?
Because no one knows exactly how it was built or what it was fully used for.
How did Celtic languages contribute to Britain’s cultural identity?
They preserved local traditions and identity, many of which survive today.
What role did religion play in Celtic daily life?
It shaped laws, traditions, and even sacrifices, showing its central role in society
Why did the Romans leave Britain in 410 AD?
Because Roman legions were needed to defend Italy.
Explain how geography influenced the lifestyle of the earliest Britons.
Being an island forced people to depend on fishing, hunting, and local resources, shaping their way of life.
Discuss the cultural importance of the Iberians in shaping early Britain.
They introduced farming, architecture, horse-riding, and monumental building, leaving a lasting cultural mark.
Compare the lifestyle of the Celts with that of the Iberians.
Iberians focused on farming and building monuments, while Celts added strong linguistic traditions, trading, and organized tribal life.
Analyze the importance of Druids in maintaining Celtic society.
They preserved knowledge, united tribes, and guided both spiritual and political life.
Evaluate the long-term influence of Roman rule on British culture and history.
They brought cities, roads, Christianity, and Latin words that still shape English today