Hypertensive Disorders
Hypertension that develops after 20 weeks without proteinuria is called this.
What is gestational hypertension?
This placental hormone contributes significantly to increasing insulin resistance during pregnancy.
What is human placental lactogen (hPL)?
PROM means rupture of membranes occurring at this time.
What is before labor?
Placenta previa typically causes this type of vaginal bleeding.
What is painless, bright-red bleeding?
This medication is used to prevent seizures in patients with severe preeclampsia.
What is magnesium sulfate?
A pregnant patient has hypertension, proteinuria, and persistent headaches. What disorder should the nurse suspect?
What is preeclampsia?
During the 1-hour glucose challenge, this amount of glucose is administered.
What is 50 grams?
PPROM occurs when membranes rupture before labor and before this gestational age.
What is 37 weeks?
This condition causes painful bleeding and a firm, rigid uterus.
What is placental abruption?
This medication is used to accelerate fetal lung maturity between 24–34 weeks.
What is betamethasone?
Name three severe features of preeclampsia.
What are BP ≥160/110, pulmonary edema, platelets <100,000, elevated liver enzymes, persistent headache, vision changes, RUQ pain, or rising creatinine?
A pregnant patient has GDM. Explain why her newborn is at risk for hypoglycemia after birth.
What is maternal glucose crosses the placenta, causing fetal hyperglycemia and increased fetal insulin; after birth the maternal glucose supply stops while fetal insulin remains high?
Name the three clinical findings that help identify preterm labor.
What are regular contractions, cervical change/dilation, and symptoms such as low back pain/pelvic pressure?
What is the major difference between placenta previa and placental abruption?
What is previa = painless bright-red bleeding/soft uterus; abruption = painful dark-red bleeding/firm or rigid uterus?
This medication may be used as a tocolytic but should be avoided in patients with certain cardiac conditions.
What is terbutaline?
A patient has BP 170/112, severe headache, blurred vision, RUQ pain, hyperreflexia, and clonus. What is the diagnosis and priority treatment?
What is preeclampsia with severe features; magnesium sulfate, seizure precautions, antihypertensive therapy, and preparation for delivery?
A GDM patient asks why the fetus may become very large. What is the pathophysiology?
What is maternal hyperglycemia → fetal hyperglycemia → fetal hyperinsulinemia → increased fetal growth/macrosomia?
A patient at 32 weeks reports leaking clear fluid but has no contractions. What is the diagnosis?
What is PPROM?
Why should a vaginal examination never be performed when placenta previa is suspected?
What is vaginal examination can disrupt the placenta and cause severe hemorrhage?
A patient receiving magnesium sulfate develops decreased respirations, absent reflexes, and decreased urine output. What medication is the antidote
What is calcium gluconate?
A 34-week patient has BP 160/108, platelets 82,000, elevated AST/ALT, RUQ pain, nausea/vomiting, and proteinuria. What condition is most likely and what should the nurse anticipate?
What is HELLP syndrome; notify provider, administer magnesium sulfate, prepare for blood products if indicated, and prepare for delivery?
A newborn of a diabetic mother is jittery, difficult to feed, and has a glucose of 32 mg/dL. What complication is occurring and what is the priority nursing response?
What is neonatal hypoglycemia; feed early/according to protocol, treat with glucose as indicated, monitor glucose, and prevent hypothermia?
A patient at 34 weeks has contractions every 5 minutes with cervical dilation from 2 cm to 4 cm. What is the diagnosis and what medications might be anticipated?
What is preterm labor; anticipate betamethasone for lung maturity, magnesium sulfate for neuroprotection when indicated, and possible tocolysis?
A pregnant patient suddenly develops dark-red vaginal bleeding, severe abdominal pain, and a rigid uterus. What is the most likely diagnosis and what are the immediate nursing priorities?
What is placental abruption; assess maternal/fetal status, establish IV access, obtain labs/crossmatch, monitor continuously, provide fluids/blood products as indicated, and prepare for delivery?
A patient is 30 weeks pregnant and at risk for preterm birth. Which medications might the nurse anticipate and what is the purpose of each?
What are betamethasone for fetal lung maturity and magnesium sulfate for fetal neuroprotection before 32 weeks; tocolytics may delay birth 24–48 hours?