Body Systems & Biomechanics
This type of synovial joint is found at the elbow, allowing flexion and extension.
Hinge joint
This energy system uses phosphocreatine (PC) as its immediate fuel source for very short, maximal efforts.
ATP-PC
Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type make up this principle used to design a training program.
FITT principle
This is the first of the three stages of learning, where a learner makes frequent, gross errors.
Cognitive stage
This type of motivation comes from internal factors such as enjoyment or personal satisfaction.
Intrinsic motivation
This muscle acts as the agonist during the upward phase of a bicep curl.
Biceps brachii
This by-product of the glycolytic system contributes to muscle fatigue during high-intensity exercise.
Lactic acid
This training principle involves gradually increasing training demands over time to force adaptation.
Progressive overload
This type of motor skill has a clear beginning and end, such as a golf putt or a basketball free throw.
Discrete skill
This term describes an athlete's ability to manage thoughts, emotions and behaviours to sustain participation and reach goals.
Self-regulation
This is the term for the muscle that relaxes to allow a joint action to occur, opposing the muscle causing the movement.
Antagonist
This energy system dominates during long, lower-intensity efforts such as marathon running.
Aerobic system
This training principle states that fitness gains are lost when training stops or is significantly reduced.
Reversibility
This practice method involves repeating a skill in isolation under stable, unchanging conditions.
Blocked practice
This type of motivation, such as fear of letting a coach down or being dropped from a team, can negatively affect an individual's participation.
Negative motivation
This biomechanical principle explains why sprinters lower their centre of mass in the
Stability (balance)
This macronutrient, stored as glycogen, is a primary fuel source for the aerobic energy system.
Carbohydrate
This aerobic training method involves continuously varying pace and terrain, sometimes called 'speed play'.
Fartlek training
This practice method varies the skill or conditions between repetitions and is most effective for learners in the autonomous stage.
Random practice
This factor, referring to how an individual sees themselves, can influence their level of participation and performance in sport.
Personal identity
This process describes oxygen moving from the alveoli into the bloodstream.
Gaseous exchange
This term describes how the three energy systems work together, with the dominant system shifting depending on exercise intensity and duration.
Interplay of energy systems
This immediate physiological response to exercise refers to the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.
Cardiac output
This type of feedback comes from within the performer, such as the 'feel' of a well-executed shot.
Task-instrinsic feedback
This term describes how contemporary communities of exercise, such as group fitness classes or parkrun, encourage social interaction and a sense of belonging that can improve an individual's motivation to participate
Group cohesion