ID Terms
Thomas Cole was the first artist to practice this school of painting the wilderness as symbolic of America's future.
Which is the Hudson River School?
"I am loath to close. We are not enemies but friends. We must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic chords of memory...will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature."
What is Abraham Lincoln's First Inaugural Speech?
Founding document that established the ideal but not the legal reality that "all men are created equal."
What is the Declaration of Independence?
The invention of this machine by Eli Whitney created new demand for the institution of slavery in the states of the deep south?
What is the cotton gin?
This land was purchased by Thomas Jefferson from Napoleon in 1803.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
This Supreme Court case established the legal principle in 1857 that African Americans were property not people, and that the Federal government could not act to limit slavery.
What is the Dred Scott decision?
"We must onward to the fulfillment of our mission- to the entirety, to the entire development of the principles of our organization- freedom of conscience, freedom of person, freedom of trade and business pursuits, universality of freedom and equality."
What is Manifest Destiny by John L. Sullivan?
Legislation that permitted California to enter the Union as free state while creating the Fugitive Slave Law to appease Southern Democrats.
Which is the Compromise of 1850?
This Southern city was considered the most important slave market in the Deep South. Enslaved families from Eastern seaboard states came to fear being "sold down the river."
What is New Orleans?
The announcement of the acquisition of this land under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is depicted in the painting "War News From Mexico."
What is the Mexican Cession?
As a result of this treaty, land containing the future states of California, Nevada, New Mexico and Arizona all became American territory.
What is the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
"It will probably be asked, Why not retain and incorporate the blacks into the state, and thus save the expense of supplying, by importation of white settlers, the vacancies they will leave? Deep rooted prejudices entertained by whites; ten thousand recollections, by blacks, of the injuries they have sustained...will divide us into parties and produce convulsions which will probably neer rend in but the extermination of the one or the other race."
What is "Notes on the State of Virginia" by Thomas Jefferson?
Legislation that upheld the principle that the Federal government could dictate the free or slave status of states formed North or South of the 36-30 parallel. What it means to be from Maine!
What is the Missouri Compromise (or Compromise of 1820)
His autobiography exposed Northerners to the horrors of slavery through stories about the impact of slavery on both slaves and slave owners.
Who was Frederick Douglass?
This Hudson River School painting by Thomas Cole depicts a scene of light and progress pushing out darkness and barbarism. It also features a teeny tiny self-portait of Thomas Cole himself!
What is "Oxbow" or "The View from Mount Holyoke."
This agreement established the 36-30 parallel as the northern limit for the spread of slavery, and admitted Maine as a free state.
What is the Missouri Compromise?
"In my opinion, it will not cease, until a crisis shall have been reached and passed...I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved- but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or the other."
What is the "House Divided Speech" by Abraham Lincoln?
This federal legislation undid the principle of federal mandates for slavery, instead creating the principle of "popular sovereignty" for newly formed states created out of the Kansas and Nebraska territorries.
What is the Kansas Nebraska Act?
By 1860 this product accounted for 50% of exports from the United States. Most of it went to England. The rest was sold to Northern factories.
What is cotton?
The painting "Slave Ship" by JMW Turner provides a perspective on the institution of slavery by a native of which country?
What is Great Britain / England?
Henry Clay was the leading advocate for this national program of strong tariffs and federal support to built new roads and canals.
What is the American System?
What is the Oregon Bill Speech by John C. Calhoun?
This Supreme Court Chief Justice ruled in the 1857 Dred Scott decision that African Americans had never been, were not, and never could be citizens of the United States. They were property, not people.
Who was Chief Justice Roger B. Taney?
These organized militias were used in slave states as a means to terrorize runaway slaves. Slaves leaving the plantation were required to carry proof of permission from their owners or they risked lynching.
What were slave patrols?
This very early legislation and territory established the principle of federal control over the issue of slave or free states joining the union in 1787.
What is the Northwest Ordinance / Northwest Territory.