Family Structures
What is a nuclear family?
A family consisting of parent(s) and their child or children.
Name one way families add new members.
Through procreation or adoption.
What is culture?
Shared values, beliefs, traditions, practices, and expectations within a group.
Name the four main parenting styles.
Authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved.
Nature vs. nurture: what does nature mean?
Biological and genetic influences on development.
What is an extended family?
A family that includes relatives beyond the immediate family, such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, or cousins.
Which family function includes food, shelter, and clothing?
Providing physical care and meeting basic needs.
How is culture passed between generations?
Through family practices, traditions, teaching, communication, and observation.
Which style combines warmth with clear rules and expectations?
Authoritative parenting.
Which theorist emphasized hands-on learning and independence?
Maria Montessori.
What is a blended family?
A family formed when partners bring children from previous relationships together.
What does sharing economic resources mean?
Producing, consuming, and sharing resources to meet family needs.
Name one area of parenting influenced by culture.
Discipline, independence, family roles, or responsibilities.
Which style emphasizes obedience and strict rules with limited discussion?
Authoritarian parenting.
Who is associated with classical conditioning and learned responses?
Ivan Pavlov and John Watson.
What is a skipped-generation family?
A family in which grandparents raise grandchildren without the middle generation living in the household.
Which function teaches children values and expectations?
Socializing children.
Why might immigrant parents and children experience conflict?
They may adapt to a new culture at different rates or have different expectations.
Which style offers warmth but few rules or limits?
Permissive parenting.
Who developed operant conditioning, involving reinforcement?
B. F. Skinner.
Why is it important to respect diverse family structures?
Families differ in structure and relationships, and all deserve respect rather than judgment based on their form.
Name all six functions of the family.
Adding new members; providing physical care; sharing economic resources; maintaining social order; providing love and emotional support; socializing children.
How can a family resolve a cultural disagreement respectfully?
Listen to each other, discuss expectations, respect differences, and prioritize children's safety and well-being.
Why is consistency between caregivers important?
It gives children clearer expectations and more predictable boundaries.
Who is associated with cognitive development and the stages of how children think?
Jean Piaget.