Grammar 1.0
Complete: "I ___ (read) Hemingway when suddenly I ___ (understand) the symbolism."
was reading | understood
What’s the structure of past perfect?
S + had + V3 + obj.
What is the structure of Past Perfect Continuous?
S + had + been + Ving + obj.
Why do we use passive form?
to emphasize or focus on the action or the object that receives the action rather than the one who does the action
A group of lions is called:
Pride (Lion prides are mostly made up of females (lionesses), who do the hunting.)
Correct this sentence: "While she cooked, he was setting the table."
While she was cooking...
Complete: "She ___ (never/see) a glacier until she visited Iceland."
Had never seen
Choose the correct answer: "Her hands were dirty because she gardened / had been gardening."
had been gardening
Correct: "He were ate by a lion."
was eaten
How many hearts do Octopuses have, and what color is their blood?
3 hearts and blue blood
Which action was in progress? "When I called, they were leaving."
were leaving
Complete the sentence with past perfect: "He ______ (see) the movie yet."
hadn't seen
Complete: "They ___ (research) the topic for months when new data disproved their theory."
had been researching
When can we omit "by the police" in: "The suspect was arrested (by the police)?"
When agent or doer is obvious/irrelevant
How do dolphins identify each other?
Dolphins give each other names—unique whistles to identify individuals, just like humans!
Rephrase using past continuous: "Contrary to rumors, the CEO did not resign voluntarily."
The CEO wasn’t resigning voluntarily.
Correct: "If you told me earlier, I would have helped."
If you had told me earlier...
Why is this incorrect? "She had been working here before she got promoted."
Use past perfect simple ("had worked") for completed actions before another past event
Change to passive: "People believed the artifact was cursed."
The artifact was believed to be cursed.
The mantis shrimp punches with the speed of a bullet at:
a. 20 m/s
b. 23 m/s
c. 30 m/s
b. 23 m/s
Why is this incorrect? "At 9 PM last night, I was knowing the answer."
"Know" is a stative verb; use "I knew."
Combine: "He finished his thesis. During that time, his advisor was traveling."
He had finished his thesis while his advisor was traveling.
Explain the difference: "He was tired because he ran" vs. "He was tired because he had been running."
The first sentence focuses on the specific action someone took as a cause.
The second sentence focuses on prolonged activity or action in progress as a cause.
Convert to passive: "Someone has said that grammar is tedious."
It has been said that grammar is tedious.
What is the strongest insect in the world?
a. the horned dung beetle
b. the praying mantis
c. the cockroach
a. the horned dung beetle