Primate Primer
The most easily identified difference between apes and monkeys.
What is a tail? (Apes do not have a tail, while monkeys do.)
This is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
What is the central nervous system (CNS).
This system allows you to breathe and transfers oxygen to the cardiovascular system.
These cells have no nucleus, but carry oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body in hemoglobin.
What are red blood cells (erythrocytes)?
The three types of lymphocytes.
What are the natural killer (NK) cells, the T lymphocytes (T-cells), and the B lymphocytes (B-cells)?
The _____ _____ (two words) of a primate attaches to an opening at the back of the skull.
What is "vertebral column"?
A human's vertebral column is "S" shaped and attaches to this part of the skull.
What is the bottom?
This muscle contracts when you inhale, allowing more space for your lungs to expand.
What is the diaphragm?
The ONLY blood cell that contains a nucleus and therefore the ONLY blood cell that contains DNA.
What are white blood cells (leukocytes)?
The type of immunity that occurs after recovery from an infection which activated your T-cells and B-cells are to target that pathogen and protect you from future infection.
What is adaptive or acquired immunity?
The two groups of monkeys.
This contains all the nerves that send information to and from the CNS.
What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
There are over 600 million of these sacs in your lungs, which are covered with capillaries and only one cell thick to allow oxygen to diffuse into the blood stream.
What are alveoli?
These cells break into platelets and are vital for blood clotting when an injury occurs.
What are thrombocytes?
The fluid that is made after the stomach processes your food and it moves into the small intestine.
What is chyme?
The primary movement of primates.
What is quadrupedalism?
The two types of nerves in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What are sensory and motor nerves?
After blood leaves the ___ ___ (two words) of the heart, it goes to the lungs where it exchanges carbon dioxide for fresh oxygen.
What is the right ventricle?
The 4 chambers of the human heart.
What are the left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, and right ventricle?
In the nephron of a kidney, blood is filtered to remove waste, but any chemicals or nutrients still needed by the body are _____ so nothing is wasted.
What is "reabsorbed"?
The smallest primate.
What is a pygmy mouse lemur?
A cell receives a signal in its dendrites. What are the three structures it travels through to get to the next neuron (in order)?
What are the cell body, axon, and synapse? (pg. 361, fig. 12.7)
Oxygen-rich blood leaves the lungs and enters the _____ _____ of the heart.
What is the left atrium?
The _____ carry blood AWAY from the heart and the _____ RETURN blood to the heart.
What are arteries and veins?
When a woman's body ends its reproductive ability.
What is menopause?