Chapter 4
What is probable cause?
The base amount of information needed for a reasonable person to believe a crime has been or is being committed.
Investigators should conduct some preparation before conducting an interview. True or False?
True
Removing documents will always be recorded so there is a paper trail. True or False?
True
What is the legal proof needed to conduct a stop and frisk?
Reasonable suspicion.
An interview is accusatory, and an interrogation is non-accusatory. True or False?
False
What is overt information collection?
Overt is interacting with individuals such as witnesses, victims and suspects.
What case established the exclusionary rule? What is the exclusionary rule?
Weeks vs US. Exclusionary rule: evidence that was illegally obtained cannot be used in court.
What is the goal of an interrogation?
To get a confession.
What is flipping?
The process of using an arrested person to acquire information in exchange for dropping their charges.
Give an example of the inevitable discovery doctrine.
Inevitable discovery doctrine: exception to the exclusionary rule, allows illegally obtained evidence to be omitted into court on the basis that it would have been located lawfully in the future.
What is coercion?
The use or threat of use of physically illegal methods to make an individual admit or confess.
What is the difference between tactical and strategic intelligence?
Tactical intelligence: critical to uncover, provide specifics as to who is involved and what they are doing
Strategic intelligence: planning method, provides information about future plans for criminal organizations.
What are some examples of lawful warrantless searches?
Automobiles, plain-view, stop and frisk, search incident to arrest (SIA), exigent circumstances, and consent searches.
Give an example of maximization.
Maximization is when the investigator lies about certain evidence and/or overvalues evidence.
What is the difference between a confidential informant and a cooperating witness?
Confidential informant: anonymous individuals
Cooperating witness: may testify in court, not anonymous in trial