The study of the functional changes that occur in response to single bouts and repeated sessions of exercise
What is exercise physiology?
100
The junction between between nerve and muscle
What is the neuromuscular junction?
100
A molecule that serves as the storage form of glucose.
What is glycogen?
100
The number one priority of the metabolic system.
What is maintaining glucose homeostasis?
100
Chemical released by a cell or gland in one part of the body that travel through the blood to exhibit their effect on the target tissue.
What is a hormone?
200
The maintenance of a stable internal environment at rest.
What is homeostasis?
200
The brain and spinal cord.
What is the central nervous system?
200
reactions that include the breakdown of glycogen, triglycerides, and protein, that release energy.
What are catabolic reactions?
200
The more metabolic efficient substrate.
What is glucose (carbohydrate)?
200
A hormone released from the pancreas that lowers blood glucose by stimulating its uptake from the blood into muscle, liver, and fat, and suppressing release of glucose from the liver.
What is insulin?
300
The minimum number of minutes per week of physical activity recommended to achieve most health benefits.
What is 150 minutes?
300
Sensory receptors that that respond to tension within a muscle by inhibiting the agonist muscle from continued contraction
What is the golgi tendon organ?
300
A molecule comprised of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate ions.
What is ATP?
300
Highly correlated with the onset of fatigue.
What is glycogen depletion?
300
A steroid hormone that is released from the adrenal cortex in response to strenuous activity. It can accelerate glucose, fat, and protein catabolism, and suppress the immune system.
What is cortisol?
400
Exercise performed at an intensity that allows a person to reach steady state.
What is aerobic activity?
400
The smallest contractile unit of the muscle.
What is the sarcomere?
400
The main regulatory enzyme of glycolysis.
What is PFK (phosphofructokinase)?
400
The process, mainly occurring in the liver, that converts amino acids, lactate, glycerol, and pyruvate into glucose.
What is gluconeogenesis?
400
The enzyme-catalyzed conversion of glycogen polymers to glucose monomers.
What is glycogenolysis?
500
The most important variable relative to the amount of caloric expenditure.
What is intensity?
500
Consists of a cell body in the CNS attached to the motor neuron, which, in turn, innervates a number of muscle fibers.
What is a motor unit?
500
The enzyme that converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate inside the cytosolic compartment of the cell.
What is hexokinase?
500
The ingestion of a high carbohydrate diet to maximize glycogen stores.