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combine both elements of a nation and a state.
What is a Nation-State?
a plan of action on different issues that the government adopts.
What is Public Policy?
group of people who are united by common bonds(Race, language, custom, tradition, religion, etc).
What is a Nation?
A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives
Direct Democracy
A form of government in which a sole leader or small group has absolute power and authority.
Dictatorship
a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.
What is a State?
Pass laws to shape economic policy
Establish a national currency
Implement a tax system
Establish an annual spending budget
Create safety nets
Making Economic Decisions
A system of government in which citizens elect representatives, or leaders, to make decisions about the laws for all the people.
Representative Democracy
share governmental powers with elected legislatures or serve as ceremonial leaders of their governments.
Constitutional Monarchs
A system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual
Autocracy
The institution through which the state (country) maintains social order, provides public policy and enforces the law.
What is Government?
Idea that god, or gods, chose certain individuals to rule
Shared belief of many early civilizations
Egyptians, Aztecs, Monarchs, etc.
What is Divine Right Theory?
have complete and unlimited power to rule their people.
Absolute Monarchs
a small group of people having control of a country
Oligarchy
A system consisting of a league of independent states, each having essentially sovereign powers. The central government created by such a league has only limited powers over the states.
Confederal System
the executive and legislative are one
Executive is chosen by the legislature
Leader of executive branch, or Prime Minister, are drawn from the legislature
Parliamentary System
Historically people collaborated to develop civilizations
Government emerged as strong groups took control of weaker groups
What is Force Theory?
power is held by a single centralized Government
Unitary Government
A government that divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments
Federal System
Protect society from threat of invasion
Protect information and individual data
Handle relations with other nations
Make treaties and trade agreements with other nations
Providing National Security
has supreme and absolute power within its own territory and is able to govern its people and land. Make treaties
What is a Sovereign State?
Some believe the state originated from family structure
Head of the primitive family took on an authoritative role
What is Theory?
Philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes and John Locke challenged divine rights of leaders
Government was necessary to preserve civil society
Government is provided power, but agrees to protect citizens
What is Social Contract Theory?
People need government to keep order to reduce conflict
Protect property rights
Resolve conflicts
Pay taxes
Raise an army
Provide a court system
Resolve disagreements
Maintaining Social Order
Provide essential services
Promote the general welfare
Provide social services such as schools, sewers, police, trash collection
Enforcing laws to protect the health and safety of others
Providing Public Services