Chapter 8
What are assumptions, values and artifacts?
Assumptions - are beliefs about human nature and reality that are taken for granted.
Values - share principles, standards, and goals.
Artifacts - the visible and tangible elements of culture.
Who are formal and informal leaders?
Informal leaders are those without a formal position of authority within the company but who demonstrate leadership by influencing those around them through personal forms of power.
Define decision-making?
Communication fulfills three main functions within an organization. What are they?
1. Transmission of information.
2. Coordination of effort, and
3. sharing emotions and felling's of building relationships.
Define a informal work group and a formal work group?
Informal work group - two or more people who are associated with one another in ways not prescribed by the formal organization.
Formal work group - Managers, subordinates, or both with close associations among group members that influence the behavior of individuals in the group.
What is the factors of job performance equation?
Performance = Motivation X Ability X Environment
What is Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM)?
An organizational-level approach to human resources management with a concern for the effects of HRM practices on company performance.
What is a team-oriented culture?
Cultures that are collaborative and emphasize cooperation among employees.
What behavioral skills does a task-oriented leader have?
Behaviors involve structuring the roles of their subordinates, providing them with instructions, and behaving in ways that will increase the performance of the group.
What is the difference between programmed decisions and nonprogrammed decisions?
Programmed decisions - are choices that occur frequently enough that we develop an automated response to them.
Nonprogrammed decisions - are unique, nonroutine, and important decisions that require conscious thinking, information gathering, and careful consideration of alternatives.
Define encode and decode?
Encode- the translation of ideas into words.
Decode - the process of assigning meaning to a received message.
What are the five stages of group development?
1. Forming
2. Storming
3. Norming
4. Performing
5. Adjourning
Motivation is defined as the ?
Desire to achieve a goal or a certain performance level, leading to goal-directed behavior.
Succession planning is the process by which?
An organization ensures that employees are recruited and developed to fill each key role within the company.
Define onboarding?
The process through which new employees learn the attitudes, knowledge, skills, and behaviors required to function effectively within an organization.
What is autocratic decision making?
It's when leaders make the decisions alone without necessarily involving employees in the decision-making process.
What does the boundary rationality model tell us.
According to this model, individuals knowingly limit their options to a manageable set and choose the first acceptable alternative without conducting an exhaustive search for alternatives.
Carl Rogers, founder of the "person-centered" approach to psychology, formulated five rules for active listening. What are those rules?
1. Listen for message content.
2. Listen for feelings.
3. Respond to feelings.
4. Note all cues.
5. Paraphrase and restate.
Collective efficacy refers to?
A group's perception of its ability to perform well.
How are intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation different?
Intrinsic is pursuing an activity because it is inherently enjoyable and doesn't come with any rewards.
Extrinsic is preforming an activity because it is related to desirable outcomes such as financial rewards, status, or approval from others.
What are the three talent management practices in particular that correlated highly with exceptional financial performance according to the survey conducted by McKinsey and Company?
1. Creating globally consistent talent evaluation process.
2. Achieving cultural diversity in a global setting.
3. Developing and managing global leaders.
What is a formal orientation program used for?
Its a program used to indoctrinate new employees to the company culture, as well as introducing them to their new jobs and colleagues.
What is democratic decision-making?
It's when employees participate in the decision-making process.
Define brainstorming?
It's a process of generating ideas that follows a set of guidelines, which includes no criticism of ideas during the process, the idea that no suggestion is too crazy, and building on other ideas (piggybacking).
In chapter 11, we discussed Information channels and richness. Name three of the information channels and where they rate as far as information richness is concerned.
1. Face-to-face conversation - High richness
2. Video conferencing - high
3. Telephone conversation - high
4. Emails - medium
5. Handheld devices - medium
6. Blogs - medium
7. written letters and memos - medium
8. Formal written documents - low
9. Spreadsheets - low
When does Reciprocal interdependence exist?
When individuals work together and ideas and project assignments are passed back and forth until the project is complete.
Name Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in the order of the pyramid.
1. Physiological needs
2. Safety Needs
3. Social Needs
4. Safety Needs
5. Self-Actualization
Define the At-Will Employment doctrine?
It's a doctrine of American law that defines an employment relationship in which either party can break the relationship with no liability, provided there was no express contract for a definite term governing the employment relationship and that the employee does not belong to a collective bargaining unit (union).
What is a mentor?
A trusted person who provides an employee with advice and support regarding career-related matters.
Transformational leaders have four tools in their possession, which they use to influence employees and create commitment to the company goals. What are the four tools?
Charisa - refers to behaviors leaders demonstrate that inspire confidence, commitment, and admiration toward the leaders.
Inspirational motivation - when leaders develop a vision that is inspiring to others.
Intellectual stimulation - when leaders challenge organizational norms and status quo and encourage employees to think creatively and work harder.
Individualized consideration - when leaders show personal care and concern for the well-being of their followers.
What is confirmation bias occur?
Its the tendency to process and analyze information in such a way that it supports one's preexisting ideas and beliefs.
When should written communications be used?
When conveying facts; when the message needs to be part of a permanent file; when there is little time urgency; when you do not need an immediate response; when the ideas are complicated.
What is the difference between task force and a product-development team?
A task force team is a type of temporary team that is asked to address a specific issue or problem until it is resolved.
A product development team is in charge of designing a new product.
What is the ERG Theory a modification of what theory? Name the three categories that Clayton Alderfer came up with?
Its a modification of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.
1. Existence
2. Relatedness
3. Growth
What are the 6 pay system elements? Give an example of each?
1. Nonmonetary Pay - desirable location
2. Direct Pay - employee base wage
3. Indirect Pay - Health insurance, retirement, housing.
4. Incentive pay - bonus for ex. pink Cadillac that Mary Kay Cosmetics gives out.
5. Stock options - buying a piece of the business.
6. Bonuses - gift given occasionally.