Definitions
Probability Models
Reading Probability
Probability Rules
Reading Diagrams
100
When the observed results of a study are too unusual to be explained by chance alone, the results are called ___________________.
statistically significant
100
Draw a probability model for rolling two dice.
{1,1} . {2,1} . {3,1} . {4,1} . {5,1} . {6,1}
{1,2} . {2,2} . {3,2} . {4,2} . {5,2} . {6,2}
{1,3} . {2,3} . {3,3} . {4,3} . {5,3} . {6,3}
{1,4} . {2,4} . {3,4} . {4,4} . {5,4} . {6,4}
{1,5} . {2,5} . {3,5} . {4,5} . {5,5} . {6,5}
{1,6} . {2,6} . {3,6} . {4,6} . {5,6} . {6,6}
100
P(A∩B)
Probability of event A and event B occurring
100
Suppose we draw a card from a deck of playing cards. What is the probability that we draw a spade?
1/4 or 0.25
100
P(Not Late|Rain)
0.8
200
The ________________ of an outcome of chance process is a number between 0 and 1 that describes the proportion of times the outcome would occur in a very long series of repetitions.
probability
200
Draw a probability model for rolling a die and flipping a coin.
{1H} . {1T}
{2H} . {2T}
{3H} . {3T}
{4H} . {4T}
{5H} . {5T}
{6H} . {6T}
200
P(AC)
Probability of not event A occurring
200
Suppose a coin is flipped 3 times. What is the probability of getting two tails and one head?
3/8 or 0.375
200
P(no rain and not late)
0.675
300
A _________________ consists of one or more circles surrounded by a rectangle. Each circle represents an event. The region inside the rectangle represents the sample space of the chance process.
Venn diagram
300
Draw the probability model for flipping a coin and and spinning a red, blue, and yellow spinner (assuming that each color has equal area)
{HR} . {HB} . {HY}
{TR} . {TB} . {TY}
300
P(A∪B)
Probability of event A or event B occurring
300
What is the probability for you to choose two red cards in a deck of cards?
(26/52)*(25/51) = 0.245
300
0.31
400
__________________ refers to the fact that different random samples of the same size from the same population produce different estimates.
sampling variability
400
Draw the probability model for selecting a marble from a bag of rainbow marbles and for flipping a coin.
{R,H} {O,H} {Y,H} {G,H} {B,H} {I,H} {V,H}
{R,T} {O,T} {Y,T} {G,T} {B,T} {I,T} {V,H}
400
P(A | B)
Probability of event B occurring given event A has occurred
400
What is the probability of drawing a black card or a ten in a deck of cards?
(26/52) + (4/52) - (2/52) = 0.538
400
P(no rain and late)
0.075
500
The ____________________ says that if we observe more and more repetitions of any chance process, the proportion of times that a specific outcome occurs approaches its probability.
law of large numbers
500
Draw a probability model for rolling a dice, flipping a coin, and spinning a red, blue, and yellow spinner (assuming each color has equal area)
{1,H,R}{2,H,R}{3,H,R}{4,H,R}{5,H,R}{6,H,R}{1,T,R}{2,T,R}{3,T,R}{4,T,R}{5,T,R}{6,T,R}
{1,H,B}{2,H,B}{3,H,B}{4,H,B}{5,H,B}{6,H,B}{1,T,B}{2,T,B}{3,T,B}{4,T,B}{5,T,B}{6,T,B}
{1,H,Y}{2,H,Y}{3,H,Y}{4,H,Y}{5,H,Y}{6,H,Y}{1,T,Y}{2,T,Y}{3,T,Y}{4,T,Y}{5,T,Y}{6,T,Y}
500
P(A | BC)
Probability of not event B occurring given that event A has occurred
500
Each of the letters of the word MISSISSIPPI are written on separate pieces of paper that are then folded, put in a hat, and mixed thoroughly. What is the probability of pulling an I?
4/11 = 0.364
500
0.65