BASIC CONCEPTS
What is problem solving?
The process of reaching a goal when the solution is not obvious.
What is an algorithm?
A method that always leads to the correct solution.
What is a mental set?
Using the same method even when a better one exists.
What is creativity?
The ability to produce new and useful ideas.
What type of strategy guarantees a correct answer?
Algorithm.
What are the 3 components of a problem?
Initial state, goal state, and obstacles.
What is a heuristic?
A shortcut or general rule to solve problems.
What is functional fixedness?
Seeing objects only for their usual purpose.
What is expertise?
High level skill in a specific area.
What strategy is faster but less accurate?
.
Heuristic
What is thinking?
Going beyond given information to reach a goal.
What is the means-end heuristic?
Breaking a problem into smaller steps to reach a goal.
Why can mental set be a problem?
It limits creativity and flexibility.
Why are experts better problem solvers?
They recognize patterns and organize information better.
What happens when you misunderstand a problem?
You may solve it incorrectly.
What is problem representation?
How you organize or understand a problem mentally.
What is the analogy approach?
Using a similar past problem to solve a new one.
Why is functional fixedness limiting?
It prevents new ways of thinking.
What is situated cognition?
Solving problems based on the environment.
What helps solve complex problems?
Breaking them into smaller parts.
Why is attention important in problem solving?
It helps identify relevant information.
What is hill-climbing heuristic?
Choosing the option that seems closest to the goal.
Give an example of a problem-solving barrier.
Mental set or functional fixedness.
What is embodied cognition?
Using the body to help thinking.
What improves problem solving skills?
Practice and experience.