Vocabulary
The individual on which the experiment is being done
What is Experimental Units?
(Subjects is also an acceptable answer)
This is the most random sampling method.
What is Simple Random Sample?
A survey of students is conducted and the administration chooses random students from AP math classes. This is the bias introduced in the sample.
What is Undercoverage Bias?
When testing a new drug, the control group is normally given this fake treatment.
What is a placebo?
This is the type of observational study that looks at past data.
What is retrospective?
This is what is being measured and used for comparison
What is Response Variable?
Sampling method where a random starting point is chosen, followed by every nth individual
What is Systematic Random Sample?
The principal emails a random sample of 100 students, but only 28 students respond. This is the bias introduced by the sample.
What is Non-response bias?
When the sample is split into groups based on characteristics before given their treatments, this is an example of this experimental practice.
What is blocking?
This is when a researcher asks their sample a question to record a single data variable.
What is a survey?
What is n>30?
A university polled 500 of its students, randomly selecting them proportional to the number of students enrolled in each degree program. This is the sampling method used.
What is Stratified Random Sample?
This type of biased is introduced when a person lies in their response because they are embarrassed (ex: asked about their weight).
What is Response Bias?
This is a variable that has an important effect on the relationship among variables but is not included in the study/experiment.
What is a lurking variable?
This is the type of observational study that looks at present and future data.
What is prospective?
An example of a survey/sample where the sample size is the entire population.
What is Census?
The school decides to conduct a survey by selecting random classrooms and surveying every student in that classroom. This is the sampling method used.
What is Cluster Random Sample?
You decide to look at Google Reviews of restaurants to determine the best place to go on a date. Google Reviews have this kind of bias.
What is Voluntary Response Bias?
This is the entire group that we want to make a conclusion about using our sample.
What is the population?
This is when a researcher changes the levels of the explanatory variable to measure changes in the response variable while controlling all other variables. This can conclude with causation.
What is an experiment?
List of individuals from whom the sample is drawn. Not always the population of interest.
What is Sampling Frame?
We need to survey a random sample of passengers on a flight from Los Angeles to New York, so we randomly generate 30 seat numbers. This is the sampling method used.
What is Simple Random Sample?
What is the Leading Question?
This is a group that is either given no treatment, or a treatment whose effects are already known.
What is control group?
The 3 things needed for a well-designed experiment are random assignment, replication, and this.
What is comparison.