Scientific Revolution
How did the Scientific Revolution in the early 1600s challenge people’s thinking?
A It caused a shift in the perception of truth.
B It helped raise the status of women in society.
C It made people more accepting of religious beliefs.
D It made men less likely to go to war over political ideologies.
A It caused a shift in the perception of truth.
Which of the following statements would an Enlightenment thinker most likely support?
A The universe has the earth at its center.
B The Bible holds the truths that enlightened people must believe.
C People who are truly free will always act for the common good over the individual need.
D Rulers are chosen by God.
C People who are truly free will always act for the common good over the individual need.
Which type of economic system would an Enlightenment thinker most likely support?
A a capitalist economy where reason is applied
B a socialist economy with strong government regulation
C a traditional economy guided by strict rules
D a barter economy where goods are exchanged instead of money
A a capitalist economy where reason is applied
Which two Enlightenment ideas most influenced the American Revolution, French Revolution, and Latin American Revolutions?
A Separation of Powers and Divine Right
B The Social Contract and Natural Rights
C Natural Rights and Separation of Powers
D The Social Contract and Laissez Faire Economy
B The Social Contract and Natural Rights
What prompted nations to build empires during the 1800s?
A to learn from different cultures around the world
B to promote nationalistic pride and provide security
C to provide material goods and medical supplies to poor nations
D to enter into free trade agreements to boost third-world economies
B to promote nationalistic pride and provide security
What is the Scientific Revolution credited with causing?
A the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, the Haitian Revolution
B the Cold War, the Great Awakening, the French Revolution
C the Enlightenment, the Revolutionary War, the French Revolution
D the Revolutionary War, the Renaissance, the French Revolution
C the Enlightenment, the Revolutionary War, the French Revolution
Which statement most closely represents Jean Jacques Rousseau’s ideas on the Social Contract?
A Man’s law is inferior to divine law.
B Individuals must give up their rights.
C A strong leader is needed to create a social contract.
D The only legitimate political power is by the consent of the people.
D The only legitimate political power is by the consent of the people.
Which of the following Enlightenment beliefs challenged religious authority?
A People get civil rights in return for having a government rule them.
B People are endowed with natural rights such as life, liberty, and property.
C People should accept knowledge based on logic and observation, not faith.
D People have a right to overthrow a government if it takes away their natural rights.
C People should accept knowledge based on logic and observation, not faith.
In which of following quotes from the Declaration of Independence does Jefferson state a key principle of the Enlightenment?
A HE has plundered our Seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our Towns, and destroyed the Lives of our People.
B We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed, by their CREATOR, with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.
C HE has excited domestic Insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the Inhabitants of our Frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known Rule of Warfare, is an undistinguished Destruction, of all Ages, Sexes, and Conditions.
D WE, therefore, the Representatives of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, in GENERAL CONGRESS Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the World for the Rectitude of our Intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly Publish and Declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be, FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES.
B We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed, by their CREATOR, with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.
Which choice least motivated nations to build empires?
A the need to find new sources of raw materials
B the need to create new markets for their goods
C to gain power by gaining land
D the desire to raise the standard of living in Africa and Asia
D the desire to raise the standard of living in Africa and Asia
The Scientific Revolution caused society to change their view of space and the universe to what model?A Locke
B Einstein
C Ptolemy
D Copernican
D Copernican
Common Sense and A Vindication on the Rights of Man by Thomas Paine illustrate what aspect of the Enlightenment?
A applying science to man’s biology
B applying rights to all people in every situation equally
C applying logic to political institutions
D applying religious values to governments
D applying religious values to governments
Which of the following is an Enlightenment idea that challenged the economic policy of mercantilism?
A Governments should regulate the production of goods.
B People are endowed with natural rights such as life, liberty, and property.
C The mother country should restrict the manufacturing of the daughter colony in order to create a captive market.
D Each individual’s pursuit of economic self-interest in a free economy would promote the prosperity of the entire society.
D Each individual’s pursuit of economic self-interest in a free economy would promote the prosperity of the entire society.
“I was born a slave, but nature gave me a soul of a free man….”
—Toussaint Louverture
What Enlightenment ideal was Louverture referring to in this quote?
A divine rights
B natural rights
C social contract
D separation of powers
B natural rights
One cause of imperialism was the “white man’s burden.” Which description best describes this cause?
A Western civilizations were burdened by the desire to help the poor.
B Western civilizations were burdened by security costs and needed to increase alliances.
C Western civilizations were to spread their civilized societal ways to the inferior societies.
D Western civilizations felt a sense of guilt over their success and wanted to share resources with other nations.
C Western civilizations were to spread their civilized societal ways to the inferior societies.
The decline in witchcraft accusations in the 17th century can be best attributed to which of the following factors?
A Rise of Humanism
B Scientific Revolution
C Age of Enlightenment
D Most of the witches were hanged and eliminated in the 16th century.
B Scientific Revolution
The economic principles developed by Adam Smith during the Enlightenment undermined which previous economic paradigm?
A Feudalism
B Mercantilism
C Market Economy
D Command Economy
B Mercantilism
Choose the answer that best completes the comparison:
Sir Isaac Newton’s Principia Mathematica impacted the world of physics just like John Locke’s social contract theory impacted the world of
A education.
B absolute rule.
C business/contract law.
D religious organizations.
B absolute rule.
What was an immediate effect of the Industrial Revolution?
A More people moved to cities to find jobs in factories.
B Government unemployment benefits were extended to the aging population.
C Class distinctions between the rich and the poor were ended.
D Social programs were created in European societies to aid the transition to an industrial economy.
A More people moved to cities to find jobs in factories.
The United States wanted access to Cuba, and Japan wanted access to Taiwan. In which way was their motivation similar?
A to spread Western culture
B to access tourism markets
C to access/build military bases
D to help increase the job market
C to access/build military bases
During the Scientific Revolution, monarchs funded a number of scientific academies and museums. This demonstrates which cultural aspect being impacted by the Scientific Revolution?
A development of religion
B development of atheists
C development of education
D development of social contracts
C development of education
Adam Smith wrote his famous book titled, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, to show how natural laws ruled in which aspect of society?
A social systems
B political systems
C religious groups
D economic systems
D economic systems
Prior to the Enlightenment, the economic theory of mercantilism dominated. However, Adam Smith’s book titled, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, helped pave the way for which economic theory?
A socialism
B laissez-faire
C communism
D command economy
B laissez-faire
During the Industrial Revolution in the late 19th century Europe, machinery became more automated, which meant fewer workers were needed. As a result,
A most Europeans countries developed a command economy.
B emigration from the United States to Europe increased.
C emigration from Europe to the United States increased.
D most European countries experienced large-scale urban to rural migration.
C emigration from Europe to the United States increased.
What was a direct result of imperialistic policies?
A Australians migrated to the United States
B the spread of Western values to other nations
C Latin America eventually became economically dependent on U.S. and Europe
D the United States gave up control of the Panama Canal Zone
B the spread of Western values to other nations