Proteins Part I
'Catalyzes' (speeds up) a chemical reaction
What is an Enzyme?
Amino acid groups are based on the chemical properties of their ____ ______.
Side chains
True or false.
The sequence of the side chains is important.
True.
Double points if you can give one reason why!
Does a sequence of AAs get read in the sequence C to N? or N to C?
N to C
What type of reaction forms a peptide bond?
Condensation Reaction
*Bonus points of the other name*
Each protein molecule consists of one or more chains of _________ _____ monomers.
Amino Acid
True or false.
Electrically-charged side chains can form bonds with each other inside the same protein molecule
True
Type of bond that creates polypeptides
What is a Peptide bond?
What is the N side of an AA?
Amino end
Enzymatic activity depends on the presence of a special region of an enzyme. What is this region called?
What is the active site?
This function of proteins explains why membranes are "selectively permeable"
What is a Transport Protein?
Would a Polar side chain be more likely found on the outside or inside of a structure?
outside
Polymer constructed by linking AAs together
What is a polypeptide?
What is the C side of an AA?
Carboxyl end
What gives a protein the ability to act as an enzyme?
Ability to recognize and bind with other molecules (Substrate Binding)
What are the two functional groups attached to an amino acid?
Amino group (amino)
Carboxyl group (acid)
Would a nonpolar side chain form on the outside or inside of a structure?
inside
Where (what location) does a polypeptide swivel to allow folding into a complex structure?
"Peptide bond axis"
If the 'variable side chains' make up one-half of the AA on its axis, this is what the other half is called.
*Repeating units of C double-bond O. N, H*
What is the backbone?
List the four levels of protein structure
1. Primary Structure
2. Secondary Structure
3. Tertiary Structure
4. Quaternary Structure
Name 6 out of 7 critical functions of proteins
1. Enzymes
2. Transport
3. Movement
4. Communication
5. structural support
6. Defense against foreign substances
7. Storage
True or false.
A polar side chain is more likely to contain carbon and hydrogen. While a nonpolar side chain is more likely to contain oxygen.
False
What three elements are in a peptide bond and where is the double bond?
*C double-bond O. N, H*
How is a protein's ability to interact with other molecules (chemically) related to the features of polypeptides?
Shape/Structure allows proteins to recognize and bind (lock and key) with other molecules
How is a protein's function related to the special features of polypeptides?
Function depends on the 3D Shape or Structure of its constituent polypeptides