Ethical Dilemmas
These are the four types of ethical challenges
What are dilemma, distress, temptation, and silence?
This process, which is the core principle of autonomy, is process where a health care provider discloses information so that they can make a voluntary choice to accept or refuse treatment
What is informed consent?
This is when you are able to share patient information with someone else.
What is if the information has relevance to that person's role in the care of the patient?
This is the definition of EBP
What is a method of clinical decision-making and practice that integrates the best available scientific research evidence with clinical expertise and a patient’s unique values and circumstances?
This is what precision medicine is.
What is the right treatment to the right patient at the right time?
What are autonomy, justice, beneficence/non-maleficence, and privacy/confidentiality?
These are the three considerations of informed consent
What are competency, coercion, and comprehension?
This is the rule/test used to "Do No Harm" when it comes to patient confidentiality.
What is: A covered entity must make reasonable efforts to use, disclose, and request only the minimum ammount of PHI needed to accomplish the intended purpose of the use, disclosure, or request.
*Don't get caught divulging your own personal information!*
These are the five steps of EBP.
1. Identify a question
2. Search
3. Appraise
4. Integrate
5. Evaluate
These are some concerns when it comes to genetic information.
- School/company policies for storage, processing, and sharing data
- Should counseling be mandatory?
- Do you feel capable to make this decision alone w/o family members?
- Is the information accurate?
These are three things to include in your documentation as it relates to informed consent.
What is:
You provided information regarding the POC
Pt demonstrated they understood the information
Pt gave consent to POC
These are tips to consider when it comes to sending patient information online.
- Only use encrypted routes to send pt info.
- Never leave records or computer screens somewhere that unauthorized people can access them
- Never discuss the pt's case with anyone, including friends and family, without pt's permission (with the exception of necessary providers)
This is the hierarchy of evidence in EBP
Pyramid (best to worst): Systematic Reviews -> Individual studies (RCTs and cohort studies) -> case-controlled studies or case reports
This is GINA
What is the Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act (2008)
- Protects against discrimination by employers and health insurance companies only
- Employers may not request, require, or purchase genetic info related to employees and candidates (includes athlete employees and work study students)
This is the the duty of anyone entrusted with health information to keep the information private, as well as the legal standing to uphold this right.
What is confidentiality and HIPAA?
- Also, PHI is oral, electronic, or paper-based.
These are some successful strategies when it comes to addressing sexual harassment.
- Distraction, avoidance, direct confrontation, behavioral contracts, transfer of care, use of chaperones
Unsuccessful strategies: ignoring the problem, making jokes, giggling, laughing, being indirect in your use of language
This is the difference between a background and foreground question.
Background questions ask about general information and are not specific to an individual patient
Typically used when you’re less knowledgeable about a condition, Ex. “What is adhesive capsulitis?”
Foreground questions are specific to a particular patient, condition, and clinical outcome of interest
These are some search engines you can use for EBP.
PEDro and DiTA -> PT specific
This is the difference between AMA and APA citations.
AMA:
- uses superscripts (ex. the sky is blue1)
APA:
- author's name and year (ex. the sky is blue (Chen 2024))