Origins of Progressivism
an early 20th century reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, to restore economic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life
What is the progressive movement?
Following the Civil War, this group helped to create historical Black universities like Howard Atlanta, and Fisk.
What is the Freedman's Bureau?
the separation of people on the basis of race
What is segregation?
the right to vote
Includes the various progressive reforms sponsored by the Roosevelt Administration. Conservation, Trust-busting, and Labor policies.
What is Roosevelt's Square Deal?
the banning of the manufacture, sale, and possession of alcoholic beverages
Prominent Black American, born into slavery, who believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society, was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881.
Who is Booker T. Washington?
enacted by Southern state and local governments to separate white and black people in public and private facilities
What are Jim Crow laws?
this amendment gave women the right to vote
What is the 19th Amendment (1920)?
muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago.
Who was Upton Sinclair? (The Jungle)
one of the magazine journalists who exposed the corrupt side of business and public life in the early 1900s
Who were muckrakers?
Founded in 1881, and led by Booker T. Washington, to equip African Americans with teaching diplomas and useful skills in the trades and agriculture
What is the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute?
an 1896 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that separation of the races in public accommodations was legal, thus establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
social reformer who campaigned for womens rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Assosiation
Who is Susan B. Anthony?
1914 act designed to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890; certain activities previously committed by big businesses, such as not allowing unions in factories and not allowing strikes, were declared illegal
What is the Clayton Antitrust Act?
a procedure by which a legislative measure can be originated by the people rather than by lawmakers
What is the initiative?
1st Black American to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910
Who is W.E.B. DuBois?
What is a poll tax?
first woman elected to Congress (coming from Montana!)
Who was Jeannette Rankin?
United States naturalist (born in England) who advocated the creation of national parks (1838-1914)
Who was John Muir?
An amendment to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1913, that provides for the election of U.S. senators by the people rather than by state legislatures
What is the 17th Amendment?
Founded by W.E.B. Du Bois in 1905 to promote education of African Americans in the liberal arts
What is the Niagara Movement?
African American journalist. published statistics about lynching, urged African Americans to protest by refusing to ride streetcars or shop in white-owned stores
Who is Ida B. Wells?
a radical member of the temperance movement, which opposed alcohol before the advent of Prohibition. She is noted for attacking alcohol-serving establishments with a hatchet.
Who is Carie Nation?
a law enacted in 1906 to halt the sale of contaminated foods and drugs and to ensure truth in labeling
What is the Pure Food and Drug Act?