Phases of Matter
What are the three main phases of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What are the 3 parts of an atom?
Proton, neutron, electron
What is a chemical reaction?
A process where substances change into new ones
What is Newton’s First Law called?
Law of Inertia
What is kinetic energy?
Energy of motion
What phase has a definite shape and volume?
Solid
What part of the atom has a negative charge?
Electron
What is a sign a chemical reaction happened?
Color change, gas bubbles, temperature change, etc.
What does Newton’s Second Law say?
F = ma (Force = mass × acceleration)
What is potential energy?
Stored energy
What do we call the change from liquid to gas?
Evaporation
What is an ion?
An atom with a charge (gained or lost electrons)
What are the starting substances in a chemical reaction called?
Reactants
What is Newton’s Third Law?
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
Give an example of kinetic energy.
A moving car
What phase do particles move the fastest in?
Gas
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What are the substances made in a reaction called?
Products
Why does a ball keep rolling until it slows down?
Inertia or unbalanced force (like friction)
When is potential energy highest on a roller coaster?
At the top of a hill
What is the phase change from solid directly to gas?
Sublimation
Where is most of an atom’s mass located?
In the nucleus
What kind of reaction combines two substances into one?
Synthesis reaction
What happens if you double the mass in F = ma?
The force needed doubles
What two factors affect kinetic energy?
Mass and speed