Propagation Basics
What is the definition of plant propagation?
The process of creating new plants from existing ones.
What is the significance of the radicle in a seed?
It develops into the root of the plant.
What is a cutting in plant propagation?
A portion of a plant taken to grow a new plant.
What is grafting?
A method of asexual propagation where a scion is joined to a stock plant.
What is simple layering?
Burying one section of a limb underground to allow it to grow roots before cutting it from the parent.
Name the two main types of propagation.
Sexual and asexual propagation.
What is germination?
The process by which a seed grows into a plant.
Name one method of asexual propagation.
Cuttings, division, layering, grafting, or cell culture.
Name one type of bud grafting.
Patch budding, chip budding, or T-budding.
Define air layering.
A method where the bark is stripped from a limb, wrapped in moist soil, and allowed to root.
What is the difference between sexual and asexual propagation?
Sexual involves pollination and seed development, while asexual involves cloning from existing tissue.
What conditions are necessary for seed germination?
Viability, water absorption, optimal temperature, and oxygen availability.
What is the difference between hardwood and softwood cuttings?
Hardwood cuttings are taken from mature, dormant wood, while softwood cuttings are taken from new growth.
What is the cambium?
The layer of tissue that must align for successful grafting.
What is girdling in the context of layering?
Making incisions in the stem to encourage root formation over the wound.
What is a meristem?
The area of a plant that is actively dividing and growing.
Describe histodifferentiation in seed development.
The process where the embryo and endosperm develop distinctly, and cotyledons form in dicots.
How does layering work in propagation?
A stem or branch develops roots while still attached to the parent plant.
Why is it important to use compatible specimens in grafting?
To increase the likelihood of successful graft union and growth.
What are the advantages of using layering as a propagation technique?
It allows for controlled root development and reduces stress on the parent plant.
What is the purpose of using rooting hormone in propagation?
To encourage root growth in cuttings.
What part of a flower contains the ovule?
The pistil
What is cell culture in plant propagation?
The growth and multiplication of plant cells, tissues, and organs outside the organism.
What are the steps involved in bud grafting?
Prepare the stock, prepare the scion, insert the scion, and secure the graft.
How can climate change affect seed dormancy and germination?
Changes in temperature and moisture can influence the timing and success of germination.