What are the main parts of a flower involved in sexual reproduction?
Stamen and pistil
Describe the process of cutting for propagation.
Taking a part of a plant (stem, leaf, or root) to grow a new plant.
Why is asexual propagation often faster than sexual propagation?
It allows for the immediate generation of genetically identical plants without the need for seed development.
What are the key environmental factors that affect plant growth?
Light, water, temperature, and soil quality.
What is the first stage of seed development?
What is the function of the cotyledon in a seed?
It serves as a food storage for the developing plant.
What is the difference between division and layering in propagation?
Division involves separating a plant into multiple parts, while layering involves rooting a stem while it remains attached to the parent plant.
What is one economic advantage of using tissue culture?
It allows for mass production of rare or expensive plants with minimal damage to the parent.
How does temperature affect seed germination?
Seeds require specific temperature ranges for optimal germination; too cold or too hot can inhibit growth.
During which stage does a seed absorb water and swell?
Imbibition
What are adventitious roots?
Roots that grow from unusual places, such as stems or leaves, rather than from the root system.
How does grafting differ from budding?
Grafting involves joining a scion and stock, while budding uses a single bud from the scion.
How does sexual propagation increase genetic diversity?
It combines genetic material from two parent plants, resulting in unique offspring.
Why is oxygen important for seed germination?
Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration during the germination process.
What term describes the process where seeds begin to grow into seedlings?
Germination
What is the role of the endosperm in a seed?
The endosperm provides nutrients to the developing embryo.
What is the purpose of scarification in seed propagation?
To physically break or soften the seed coat to promote water absorption.
Name a benefit of using seed propagation over other methods.
Seeds can be stored for longer periods and are often easier to transport and handle.
What role does humidity play in plant propagation?
High humidity helps prevent cuttings from drying out and promotes root development.
What is the final stage of seed development characterized by the drying out of seeds?
Maturation drying
What is the significance of the apical meristem in plant growth?
It is the region of active cell division that leads to new growth in shoots and roots.
Explain the process of tissue culture in plant propagation.
Growing plant cells or tissues in a sterile environment to produce new plants.
What is one ecological advantage of using propagation techniques?
It can help restore native plant populations and maintain biodiversity.
Describe the impact of light conditions on seedling development.
Adequate light is essential for photosynthesis, which supports healthy growth and development of seedlings.
What is the term for the state of inactivity that seeds enter during dormancy?
Quiescent state