Properties of Solids & Liquids
Which state of matter is defined as something that holds its shape and does not make puddles?
A) Gas
B) Liquid
C) Solid
D) Mixture
C) Solid
If you melt ice into water, can you turn that water back into ice?
A) Yes, it is a reversible change.
B) No, it is a permanent change.
C) Only if you add salt.
D) Only if you boil it first.
A) Yes, it is a reversible change.
What happens when you mix cornstarch and water and then apply heat?
A) It turns into smoke.
B) It disappears.
C) It changes properties and can become a glue.
D) It turns into a solid rock immediately.
C) It changes properties and can become a glue.
According to the reference book, what are the primary sensory properties of cinnamon?
A) Blue color and salty taste.
B) Spicy smell and spicy flavor.
C) Cold temperature and no smell.
D) Slimy texture and sweet taste.
B) Spicy smell and spicy flavor.
When one thing makes another thing happen, we call the thing that happens as a result the:
A) Cause
B) Effect
C) Substance
D) Mixture
B) Effect
Which of these is the best example of a solid from your lesson?
A) Air
B) Smoke
C) Wood
D) Orange Juice
C) Wood
What is the scientific term for a change that can be "undone," like melting and refreezing water?
A) Permanent change
B) Reversible change
C) Chemical explosion
D) New substance formation
B) Reversible change
If you heat cornstarch glue and then let it return to its original temperature, what is the result?
A) It turns back into dry powder.
B) It stays a better, stickier glue.
C) It turns into water.
D) It becomes ice.
B) It stays a better, stickier glue.
Engineers look at the "effect" of ingredients. What is the effect of adding cinnamon to a mixture?
A) It makes the mixture turn into a solid.
B) It makes the mixture evaporate.
C) It changes the smell and flavor of the mixture.
D) It makes the mixture colder.
C) It changes the smell and flavor of the mixture.
If "Heating Ice" is the Cause, what is the Effect?
A) The ice stays solid.
B) The ice melts into liquid water.
C) The ice turns into ashes.
D) The ice turns into cinnamon.
B) The ice melts into liquid water.
What happens to the properties of a substance when it is heated or cooled?
A) The properties always stay exactly the same.
B) The properties can change.
C) The substance always disappears.
D) It always turns into a gas.
B) The properties can change.
If a substance is changed and cannot be changed back to its original form, what has it become?
A) A mixture
B) A reversible solid
C) A new substance
D) A liquid
C) A new substance
In the cornstarch experiment, what is the "Cause" that leads to the "Effect" of the mixture becoming sticky?
A) Adding more water.
B) Applying heat.
C) Cooling it down in the freezer.
D) Stirring it for ten hours.
B) Applying heat.
Why would ancient people use cinnamon during the mummification process?
A) To make the mummies smell better.
B) To turn the mummies into solids.
C) To make the mummies taste spicy.
D) To heat the mummies up.
A) To make the mummies smell better.
Why are scientists and engineers so interested in the relationship between cause and effect?
A) They want to know the names of all the scientists in history.
B) They want to understand what happens when they mix or heat materials and why.
C) They want to make sure substances never change.
D) They only care about things that are reversible.
B) They want to understand what happens when they mix or heat materials and why
If you have a solid like ice, what must you do to change its property from a solid back into a liquid?
A) Freeze it further.
B) Keep it in a dark room.
C) Warm it up (Heat it).
D) Shake it.
When wood is burned, it turns into ashes and smoke. Why can't the ashes be turned back into wood?
A) Because the ashes are too cold.
B) Because you didn't add enough water.
C) Because burning created a new substance.
D) Because wood is not a solid.
C) Because burning created a new substance.
Scientists use "evidence" to support their claims. What evidence shows that heating cornstarch creates a chemical-like change?
A) It changes color to bright blue.
B) It can be easily turned back into dry cornstarch.
C) Its texture and stickiness change permanently to hold things together.
D) It begins to smell like cinnamon.
C) Its texture and stickiness change permanently to hold things together.
If an engineer is designing a new food product and wants a "spicy" effect, which ingredient from your study guide should they use?
A) Cornstarch
B) Water
C) Cinnamon
D) Wood ashes
C) Cinnamon
Which of the following is an example of an irreversible effect caused by heating?
A) Melting a chocolate bar.
B) Warming up a cup of water.
C) Burning a piece of paper into ash.
D) Melting an ice cube.
C) Burning a piece of paper into ash.
If a scientist has a substance that currently makes a puddle and takes the shape of its container, but then they cool it until it holds its own shape and can no longer be poured, what specific change in state has occurred?
A) It changed from a solid to a gas.
B) It changed from a gas to a liquid.
C) It changed from a liquid to a solid.
D) It changed from a solid to a liquid.
C) It changed from a liquid to a solid.
Why is "becoming a new substance" considered the ultimate proof that a change is not reversible?
A) Because the substance just looks newer and shinier.
B) Because the substance has been moved to a different laboratory.
C) Because the fundamental properties have changed so much that the original material no longer exists.
D) Because the substance has stayed exactly the same.
C) Because the fundamental properties have changed so much that the original material no longer exists.
When testing cornstarch glue, why must an engineer return the heated mixture to its original temperature before making a final conclusion about its stickiness?
A) To see if it will turn back into a liquid immediately.
B) To make sure the glue is cold enough to touch.
C) To prove the change in properties was permanent and not just a temporary effect of being hot.
D) To see if the cinnamon smell disappears.
C) To prove the change in properties was permanent and not just a temporary effect of being hot.
According to your reference materials, if you were to add cinnamon to a plain mixture of flour and water, which of the following represents a complete list of the effects you would observe based on the "properties" of cinnamon?
A) The mixture would become a solid and turn blue.
B) The mixture would become colder and lose its smell.
C) The mixture would gain a spicy aroma, a spicy taste, and a change in color.
D) The mixture would turn into wood and smoke.
C) The mixture would gain a spicy aroma, a spicy taste, and a change in color.
Why is the study of "Cause and Effect" considered the most important tool for an engineer who is designing a brand-new mixture?
A) It helps them memorize the names of different rocks and liquids.
B) It allows them to predict how much money the mixture will cost.
C) It allows them to predict how changing one ingredient or temperature will change the final properties of the product.
D) It is only used to study how ice melts and has no other uses.
C) It allows them to predict how changing one ingredient or temperature will change the final properties of the product.