States of Matter
This state of matter has a definite shape and volume.
What is a solid?
The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.
What is the melting point?
The energy of motion.
What is kinetic energy?
Property allowing small objects to float.
What is surface tension?
The basic particle from which all elements are made
This state has no definite shape but has a definite volume
What is a liquid?
The change from gas to liquid when heat is removed.
What is condensation?
The measure of average kinetic energy.
What is temperature?
Resistance to flow
What is viscosity?
The temperature at which a liquid freezes.
Freezing point
This state has no definite shape or volume.
What is a gas?
Why does temperature stay constant during melting?
Energy breaks bonds, not increases temp.
Why can two substances at the same temperature have different thermal energy?
Different masses.
How do we know water has a lower viscosity than honey?
Water is easily poured while honey isn't.
The process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to a gas.
Evaporation
Compare how particle motion differs among solids, liquids, and gases.
Solid vibrates, liquid slides, gas moves freely.
Compare energy changes when ice melts vs. water boils.
Both add heat, but boiling breaks all bonds.
Explain how adding heat affects both temperature and particle motion.
Increases both kinetic and thermal energy.
Rubbing alcohol's boiling point is around 83 degrees Celsius while water's boiling point is 100 degrees Celsius. Why is that?
The water molecules have a stronger bond than the rubbing alcohol molecules, meaning it takes more energy to break them down.
The change in state from a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state.
Sublimation
Predict what would happen to particle movement if heat is removed from a gas.
Particles slow, gas condenses.
Explain how energy is conserved when water vapor condenses into liquid.
Energy is released as heat.
Analyze why a large lake changes temperature more slowly than a small pond.
More total thermal energy needed because there is more substance.
Compare the particle movement between a liquid and a solid. How does the particles in a solid prevent it from flowing like a liquid?
The particles are closely packed and have little empty space between them.
How is particle motion and temperature related?
The temperature is taking the average movement of the particles, so the higher the temperature, the more the particles are moving and vice versa.