States of Matter
What are the three main states of matter?
What is mass?
The amount of stuff (matter) in a substance
What is volume?
The amount of space a substance takes up
What is the typical unit for temperature?
*C (degree Celsius)
Why are characteristic properties helpful?
They are able to help us identify what a substance is.
This state of matter changes shape depending on the container it is in.
What are the most common units for mass?
grams - kilograms
What are the two common units for volume?
cm3 and L
What tool do we commonly use to measure temperature?
Thermometer
What are two examples of characteristic properties?
Melting point, boiling point, solubility, Density
The particles of this state of matter have a definite shape and definite volume
Is this true or false: Two boxes have the same size/dimensions so they have the same mass.
False. Despite having the same volume (dimensions), they can have different amounts of matter in the boxes
What is a meniscus?
What happens to the particles of a substance if I were to heat them up?
They will be more agitated and they will move faster (more lines around the particles in a drawing)
Is volume a characteristic property of an object? Explain!
Volume is not a characteristic property of a substance because the amount of space something takes up doesn't tell you what its made of. Many things can also take up the same space.
The name of this phase change is for a liquid going to a solid.
Freezing
Will a persons weight stay the same on the Moon (comparing to their weight on Earth)
No. Weight changes depending on where you are. Mass doesn't change.
How can we measure the volume of objects that have irregular shapes?
Displacement of water
When a substance gets warmer, the liquid in the thermometer rises? How does this work?
When we increase temperature, the volume of a solid, liquid and gas increases because when the particles get warmer they take up more space due to increased movement. (This is called thermal expansion)
In order for my food to be cooked, my oven has to be set to 230*C. I have two options for pans. I have one made of Tin (Melting point of 230*C) and I have one made of copper (Melting point of 1083*C). Which one should I use and why?
Copper: The melting point of tin is the same temperature as the oven so my pan may start to melt, which is not useful when trying to make food.
This phase change, commonly seen in dry ice, is a solid going to a gas.
Sublimation
On a triple balance beam, the three riders are at 70g, 200g, and 3g. What is the mass of the object?
200 + 70 + 3= 273g
I did an experiment to find the volume of the object. I had put 50mL in a graduated cylinder. Once I put the object, the volume read 62mL. What is the volume of the object?
62mL-50mL= 12mL
In the summer, my door becomes very hard to open and close properly, but in the winter, I don't have this problem. Explain why.
In the summer, the door is going through thermal expansion, meaning the particles are taking more space, making it hard for the door to move as it should. In the winter, when its cold, the particles don't move as fast and are less agitated (so the door contracts), making the door easier to close.
What is solubility?
The ability to dissolve in another substance