Physical Properties
What is brittleness? Give an example.
A physical property that describes a substance's tendency to shatter.
Glass, etc.
Name three different chemical properties and give an example of each.
Toxicity, oxidation, combustion, explosion, chemical stability
What are the four phases of matter and what are their main features?
Solid - definite shape, definite volume
Liquid - no definite shape, definite volume
Gas - no definite shape, no definite volume
Plasma - no definite shape, no definite volume, electrically charged
What are the three thermal properties?
Temperature, pressure, volume are all physical properties that relate to the amount of internal energy in a substance.
What are the metric units for measuring mass and volume?
Mass - Grams
Volume - cm3, mL
Name three physical properties that describe different kinds of strength.
Shear strength, tensile strength, compressive strength.
State whether the following substances are chemically stable or biodegradable:
Glass
Diamond
Cardboard
Milk
Cheetos
glass is chemically stable
diamond is chemically stable
cardboard is biodegradable
milk is biodegradable
Cheetos are biodegradable
What is a plasma?
Electrically charged gas, which forms when enough heat is added to strip the particles of their electrons.
For any fluid to flow, what is required?
A difference in pressure must be present for a fluid to flow.
What is sublimation?
When a substance changes from a solid to a gas without becoming a liquid first.
What is density and what is the equation for calculating it?
A physical property of all substances that represents the amount of matter contained in a certain volume.
Density=Mass/Volume
What are the ingredients that go into a chemical reaction called? What are the substances that are formed called?
What kind of substances are they?
Reactants go in, products come out.
Pure substances (elements or compounds).
What causes a substance to change from one phase of matter to another?
Adding or removing energy.
When the temperature of a gas goes up, the volume goes ________?
Up! Volume goes up when temperature goes up.
How is density affected by volume?
Density and volume are inversely proportional. For a given mass, as volume goes up, density goes down.
Name four physical properties of copper.
Malleability, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, solid at room temperature, compressive strength, tensile strength etc.
Give two examples of metal oxides.
Iron oxide (Rust)
Copper oxide
Pigments used in paint
What is the boiling point of water in Celcius?
100oC
When the pressure on a gas goes up, the volume goes ___________?
Down. The volume of a gas goes down as the pressure goes up.
True or false?
A fluid always flows from low pressure to high pressure.
False. Fluids flow from high pressure to low pressure.
What is compressive strength? Give an example of something with high compressive strength.
A substance's ability to withstand crushing forces.
Concrete, etc.
What are the group of elements that are not chemically reactive called?
Noble gases
True or false?
All substances change their phases of matter at the same temperature.
False
Give an example of pressure from everyday life.
Atmospheric pressure, water pressure, pressurized gases in air compressors, spray paint, etc.
What is the melting point of water in Celcius?
0oC