Protein Basics
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Amino Acids
Proteins are made of many organic acids called what?
Amino Acids
What does denaturation mean?
When protein unfolds or changes shpae.
Proteins can help food mixtures stick together. What is this function called?
Binding
Eggs are considered what type of protein?
Complete Protein
What type of bond connects amino acids together?
Peptide Bonds
What part of an amino acid determines its unique chemical properties?
Side Chain
Name two things that can cause proteins to denature.
Heat, acids, salt, mixing, whipping
Proteins can trap air and create structure in foods like meringue. What is this called?
Foaming
Name two parts of an egg
Yolk & Egg white
What is the difference between complete & incomplete proteins?
Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids, while incomplete proteins are missing one or more.
What are the three main levels of protein structure?
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
Why should high-protein foods be cooked carefully?
High Heat can over-denature proteins and make them tough
Name a protien function that helps thicken foods like sauces or custards
Coagulation/Thickening
4
Name two foods that are high in protein.
Meat, Eggs, Dairy, Beans, Nuts, Fish, etc..
Primary protein structure refers to what?
The sequence/order of amino acids.
What happens when protein foods are cooked at high tempatures for too long?
They become tough, dry, and overcooked
Why do proteins have many functions in food preparation?
Because of their different shapes and chemical properties.
Name one health concern related to too much protein
Kidney Strain, Excess Calories, increase of heart disease, digestive issues - constepation
Name two important functions of protein in the human body.
Build/repair tissues, make enzymes/hormones, support immune system, muscle growth
Why is protein shape important?
Name two types of denaturation that are not reversible
Heat & Strong Acids (or chemical changes from cooking)
Why are scientists researching new protein souces?
To prepare for future food shortages and meet gloabl protein needs.
Male 52g
Female 26g