What is the protein affected by sickle cell anemia?
hemoglobin
100
What disease was Oliver diagnosed with?
CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)
200
Which 2 amino acids contain S atoms?
Methionine and Cysteine
200
What are two common secondary structures in proteins?
alpha helix & beta sheet
200
Which function is considered a last resort use of proteins?
energy
200
What is considered the correct shape for a healthy red blood cell?
donut shaped
200
At the start of the case, Oliver's _______________ count was too high
white blood cell
300
What is the bond that exists between amino acids in proteins?
peptide
300
What is tertiary structure?
specifies the overall shape of a protein
300
What is a glycoprotein?
A protein that contains carbohydrates within its structure
300
People with PKU lack what enzyme that prohibits them from excreting phenylalanine?
Phenylalanine
300
What is the name of the mutated kinase that caused proliferation of Oliver's granulocytes?
BCR-ABL
400
Draw the backbone of an amino acid (the part that the standard 20 amino acids all have in common)
See image
400
What are the two main structural forms of a tertiary protein?
globular & fibrous
400
What is denaturation?
the process by which protein structure has unraveled and its function is changed
400
What is the role of hemoglobin?
Transports oxygen to cells
400
Gleevac (imitinab) is a ______________ inhibitor, meaning that it would bind in the substrate's active site and prevent ATP from binding there.
competitive
500
What are the two terminal groups of a polypeptide chain?
amino group & carboxylic acid group
500
What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
proteins with two or more chains
500
Name 3 unique functions of proteins
transport, hormone, enzyme, make other proteins (rqc2), structural support, energy
500
Note: this is a 2 part question: Which polar amino acid is phenylalanine converted to if people do NOT have PKU? What part of that amino acid makes it polar?
tyrosine; OH off of benzyl group
500
When the mutated kinase further mutates and grows resistant to Gleevac, which drug was Oliver given to continue battling his condition?