RNA
RNA is _____ acid?
Ribonucleic Acid.
Ribosomes use the sequence of ______ in mRNA assemble amino acids into polypeptides.
Codons
What are mutations?
Mistakes in copying the DNA. Variations in the genetic code.
Translation begins at ___, the start codon?
Each Transfer RNA has an _________, whose bases are complementary to the bases of a codon on the mRNA strand.
AUG.
anticodon.
What do proteins have to do with traits of organisms?
Proteins have everything to do with such traits, many proteins are enzymes.
RNA is a nucleic acid made of a ____ ___ of _____
Long chain of nucleotides
The decoding of mRNA message is a process called ______?
Translation
What are the two main kinds of mutations?
Gene mutations and Chromosomal mutations.
Ribosomes play what role in Translation?
Ribosomes play the role of attracting the anticodon, joining the amino acids and break the bond, binding new tRNA molecules.
What are proteins?
Proteins are tiny tools that are designed to build or run a part of a living cell.
The first step in decoding the instructions from the genes coded into DNA how to make proteins is _______
Copy part of the base sequence from DNA into RNA
What is a codon?
A three base set composed of either: adenine, cytosine, guanine and uracil.
Gene mutations make changes in?
They make changes in Single gene
How many types of RNA is put to work during Translation.
All three types of RNA are put to work in the ribosome during translation
What are polypeptides?
A long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
The sugar in RNA is?
Ribose
What does a codon specify?
One amino acid.
Chromosomal mutations make changes in?
They make changes in whole chromosomes.
What makes up the ribosomes?
rRNA and many proteins.
Many proteins are enzymes, what are enzymes?
Enzymes help speed up and regulate chemical reactions.
RNA has ____ in place of thymine?
Uracil
Special Codons tell the cell what?
When and where to start and stop translating RNA.
Gene mutations that involve changes in one or a few nucleotides are known as?
Point mutations
The _______ chain grows until the ribosome reaches a "stop" codon.
Polypeptide.
What is the genetic code and how is it read?
The genetic code is a code for making proteins, it is read three "letters" at a time, each "word" is three bases long and corresponds to a singular amino acid.