DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
When you add multiple nucleotides together, what is created?
DNA strands
Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA, but not DNA?
Uracil
What cell organelle plays a large role in the creation of proteins?
ribosomes
What is protein synthesis?
The creation of proteins
What are the building blocks of DNA strands; what is DNA made of?
nucleotides
What are the four nitrogenous bases for DNA?
Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine
Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA, but not RNA?
Thymine
During Translation, the ribosomes will continue to create amino chains until...?
a stop codon
3 nitrogenous bases (nucleotides) are referred to as a ___.
Codon
What is the process which DNA copies itself to make a new complete DNA?
Replication
What are the base pairing rules for DNA-->DNA replication.
Adenine<-->Thymine
Cytosine<-->Guanine
What is transcription?
The process of forming a strand of mRNA from a DNA template.
For a mRNA strand with the nitrogenous bases of AUGCAU, what would be the tRNA's complementary bases?
UACGUA
What are the building blocks of proteins?
amino acid chains
What is DNA (not the name)?
Genetic information that is inherited by the parents of a specimen.
For a DNA strand with the nitrogenous bases of TAGCTA, what would be its complementary pair?
ATCGAT
Where does transcription occur?
Nucleus
A chain of amino acids creates what structure?
a protein
What are the base pairing rules during transcription and translation?
A-U
G-C
t-->A
What makes up the sides (strand) of a DNA strand?
5 carbon sugar and phosphate group.
What are the three parts to a nucleotide?
5 carbon sugar
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous Bases
The purpose of mRNA is to carry the protein building instructions from _______ to ________.
the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
The ribosomes are able to read only __ (numerical value) at a time.
Extra points if you can tell me what a group of this number is called.
3; codons
The codon GCU calls for the amino acid alanine. If a mutation occurred in the third position and the new codon was GCC, it would still call for the amino acid alanine. These types of mutations are called?
Silent Mutations