Transcription
Translation
Mutations
DNA vs. RNA
Reloop
100
Transcribe this sequence: T A C C G C T A A
How many amino acids will be produced from this sequence?
A U G G C G A U U
3
100
Where does translation occur?
Ribosome
100
What are the two categories of mutations?
Point and frameshift mutations
100
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base
100
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino acids
200
Where in the cell does transcription occur?
Nucleus
200
Translate the following sequence: T A C A A G A T C
Met - Lys - Stop
200
Which way would the frame shift during a deletion?
To the left
200
Nitrogen bases for DNA are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and...
Thymine
200
What type of cells are haploid in our bodies?
Gametes
300
What is being produced during transcription? (Be specific!)
Messenger RNA
300
Which molecule is responsible for delivering amino acids to the ribosome?
transfer RNA (tRNA)
300
Original sequence: U C U G C C
Mutated: U C U G C A
Did my protein change?
No
300
Nitrogen bases for RNA are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and...
Uracil
300
Organisms that are not native to their environment and cause harm:
Invasive species
400
During transcription, mRNA leaves the ________ and travels to the ________.
Nucleus
Ribosome
400
As a protein is being built, amino acids are joined together by ___________. (we also learned this during Unit 1)
Peptide bonds
400
Mutations are the source of ________________.
Genetic diversity
400
What is the term for DNA replication that means that replicated strands are half new and half old?
Semiconservative
400
Name two membrane-bound organelles.
Mitochondria, nucleus, chloroplast, lysosomes, vacuole
500
During transcription, what is the DNA molecule "unzipped" by?
Enzymes
500
Ribosomes are made up of a little bit of protein as well as _________.
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
500
Name three things that can cause mutations.
Radiation, chemicals and errors in DNA replication
500
In a strand of DNA, nitrogen bases are held together by _______________, whereas the sugars and phosphates are held together by ________________.
Hydrogen bonds
Covalent bonds
500
How do enzymes catalyze chemical reactions?
By lowering the activation energy