Nitrogen bases
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
What is the first step in protein synthesis?
Transcription
What is the last step of protein synthesis?
Translation
What are the components of a nucleotide?
The components of a nucleotide are a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
What is a codon?
A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.
How do the nitrogenous bases pair in RNA?
Adenine - Uracil
Guanine - Cytosine
Where does transcription occur?
Nucleus
What is the function of tRNA?
tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
How many strands does DNA have? RNA?
DNA is double stranded. RNA is single stranded. DNA is more complex.
What is the correct flow of information?
DNA -> mRNA -> protein
Uracil
What does the m in mRNA stand for?
Messenger RNA
What is the function of rRNA?
rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and helps in protein synthesis.
What sugar is found in RNA, but not DNA?
Ribose sugar is found in RNA, while deoxyribose is found in DNA.
What is the monomer of proteins?
What part of the nucleotide codes for the traits?
Nitrogen bases
Transcribe TAC GGT CAT.
AUG CCA GUA
Where does translation occur?
Ribosome
What are the 4 bases in RNA?
Uracil, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine
How many nitrogen bases would 10 amino acids have?
30
How does the sequence of nitrogenous bases influence an organism's traits?
The sequence of nitrogenous bases determines the genetic information and traits expressed in an organism. It makes us unique.
What is the process of transcription?
During transcription, the DNA sequence is copied to produce a complementary RNA strand/mRNA
What happens during translation?
During translation, the mRNA is read by ribosomes to assemble amino acids into proteins.
Where is mRNA made?
The nucleus during transcription
What is the overall purpose of protein synthesis?
The overall purpose of protein synthesis is to produce proteins that perform various functions in the cell.