RNA
The sugar found in RNA
What is ribose?
occurs in this part of the cell
What is the nucleus?
the chain of amino acids formed which determines the properties of the protein
What is a polypeptide?
chemical or physical agents in the environment that cause mutations
What are mutagens?
Adenine is paired with this base when making RNA
What is uracil?
makes ribosomes
What is rRNA?
requires this enzyme to build the RNA strand
What is RNA polymerase?
The molecule that brings the amino acid to the mRNA sequence
What is tRNA?
Insertions and deletions cause these types of mutations because they shift the "reading frame" of the genetic message
what are frameshift mutations?
the process by which RNA is made from a template of DNA
What is transcription?
makes polypeptide chains
What is tRNA?
the regions where the enzyme binds to begin transcription
What are promoters?
known as the start codon
What is AUG?
substitutions, insertions, and deletions are types of these mutations
What are point mutations?
The process of translation takes place when the mRNA is attached to this structure
what is a ribosome?
the making of mRNA
What is transcription?
the product of transcription
What is mRNA?
These are the stop codons.
What are UGA, UAG, and UAA?
this type of substitution changed the codon so that a different amino acid is coded.
What is a missense?
This is the DNA code that would match with AAG
What is TTC?
contains this base instead of thymine
What is uracil?
these portions of RNA are cut out and discarded
What are introns?
way in which DNA, RNA, and proteins are involved in putting genetic information into action in living cells
What is gene expression?
This type of chromosomal mutation reverses the direction of parts of a chromosome
What is an inversion?
the mRNA codons that code for the amino acid glutamine
What is CAG and CAA?